ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who recently had a myocardial infarction. Which of the following findings indicates that the client might be developing pulmonary edema?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pink frothy sputum. This finding indicates pulmonary edema, which is characterized by fluid accumulation in the lungs. The pink color indicates the presence of blood in the sputum, a common sign of pulmonary edema. Excessive somnolence (
A) is more indicative of respiratory depression or hypoxia, while epistaxis (
B) is associated with hypertension or nasal trauma. Tachypnea (E) can be a sign of respiratory distress but does not specifically indicate pulmonary edema.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C. Increase water intake and use bulk-forming laxatives.
Rationale: Increasing water intake helps soften stool, easing constipation in IBS-C. Bulk-forming laxatives add fiber to stool, improving bowel movements. Stimulant laxatives (
A) can lead to dependency. Avoiding fiber-rich foods (
B) worsens constipation. A low-carbohydrate diet (
D) may exacerbate constipation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a lump in their right breast. Which of the following findings increases the client's risk of developing breast cancer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Oral contraceptives have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer due to the hormonal changes they induce in the body. Estrogen and progesterone in oral contraceptives can promote the growth of breast cells, potentially leading to cancer. Daily caffeine consumption (
A) and a history of seasonal allergies (
B) are not directly linked to breast cancer development. Routine use of multivitamins (
D) is generally considered beneficial for overall health and does not increase breast cancer risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Airborne precautions. Tuberculosis is spread through airborne transmission, so implementing airborne precautions is essential to prevent the spread of the disease. This includes wearing an N95 mask, placing the client in a negative pressure room, and ensuring proper ventilation. Standard precautions (choice
A) are used for all clients, not specifically for tuberculosis. Contact precautions (choice
C) are used for diseases spread by direct contact, while droplet precautions (choice
D) are used for diseases spread through respiratory droplets, not airborne transmission like tuberculosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: C, E
Rationale: The correct choices are C (Aspirin) and E (Naproxen) because they both increase the risk of bleeding when used with warfarin, an anticoagulant. Aspirin and Naproxen are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that can further inhibit platelet function and prolong bleeding time, leading to potential complications. Ferrous sulfate (
A) is an iron supplement and does not directly interact with warfarin. Echinacea (
B) is an herbal supplement with minimal known interactions with warfarin. Dextromethorphan (
D) is a cough suppressant and does not impact warfarin's anticoagulant effects. In summary, the nurse should instruct the client to avoid Aspirin and Naproxen to prevent potential bleeding complications when taking warfarin.