ATI RN
ATI Nur258 Med Surg 2 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has end-stage cirrhosis of the liver with encephalopathy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to implement to decrease the client's ammonia level?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reducing protein intake is crucial for decreasing ammonia production. In clients with hepatic encephalopathy, proteins are broken down into ammonia, which the impaired liver cannot detoxify effectively, leading to worsened symptoms.
Therefore, reducing dietary protein can help lower ammonia levels.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client with chronic liver failure who tells the nurse he is experiencing spontaneous episodes of bleeding and has noted increased areas of bruising on his arms. The nurse suspects the client has a deficiency in which of the following vitamins?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors produced by the liver. In chronic liver failure, the liver's ability to produce these factors is impaired, leading to an increased risk of bleeding and bruising due to vitamin K deficiency.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with a new diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which manifestations would the nurse expect to see that are common early signs of multiple sclerosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Early signs of multiple sclerosis often include areas of numbness, weakness in the legs, and visual problems such as optic neuritis. These symptoms result from demyelination and nerve damage in the central nervous system.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is having chest pain. The healthcare provider prescribes an infusion of nitroglycerin. The initial dose is 12 mcg/min. The nitroglycerin is dispensed at a concentration of 100 mg/ 250 mL. How many mL/hr will the nurse set the infusion pump? (Round rate to the nearest tenth. Only enter numbers and decimals. Do not enter any letters in your answer.)
Correct Answer: 1.8
Rationale: Infusion rate = 0.72 mg/hr / 0.4 mg/mL = 1.8 mL/hr
Question 5 of 5
A diabetes nurse educator is discussing 'sick day rules' with a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is crucial for clients with diabetes to continue taking insulin during illness, even if they are unable to eat. Insulin needs may increase due to stress or infection, and not taking insulin could lead to hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis. Checking blood sugar every 2 hours is correct, but insulin should not be omitted.