ATI RN
ATI nur330 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a patient that is scheduled for a balloon valvuloplasty. The nurse recalls that balloon valvuloplasty is most commonly used for which valvular heart disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Balloon valvuloplasty is commonly used to relieve mitral valve stenosis by improving valve opening, often due to rheumatic heart disease. It is not effective for regurgitation disorders or mitral valve prolapse, which require surgical interventions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in a critical care unit who suffered a knife wound to the chest. The nurse suspects the client is developing cardiac tamponade. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse identify as supporting this suspicion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Muffled heart sounds are a hallmark finding in cardiac tamponade due to fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac, which dampens the sound of the heart. Flattened neck veins are inconsistent with cardiac tamponade; distended neck veins are commonly seen. Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is a compensatory response. Lethargy is not specific to cardiac tamponade.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who develops respiratory distress, absence of breath sounds on one side, and deviation of the trachea away from the affected side. Based on these manifestations, which of the following conditions is the infant experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tension pneumothorax causes respiratory distress, absent breath sounds, and tracheal deviation away from the affected side due to air accumulation in the pleural space. Flail chest, contusion, and fractured rib do not cause tracheal deviation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Fluid overload causes tachycardia to compensate for increased volume, hypertension due to increased vascular resistance, and tachypnea from pulmonary congestion. Hematocrit is typically decreased due to dilution. Temperature is not directly affected unless infection is present.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has atrial fibrillation. Which of the following pulse characteristics should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation causes an irregularly irregular pulse due to chaotic atrial impulses. The pulse is palpable, not typically bounding, and often tachycardic, not slow.