ATI RN
ATINur2708 Pediatrics Final Exam Questions
Extract:
School-age child with full-thickness burns to 30% of the total body surface area (TBSA). Vital Signs: Oral temperature 38° C (100.2°F), Respiratory rate 34/min, Heart rate 115/min, Blood pressure 86/54 mm Hg, SaO2 94%. Medication: Lactated Ringer's IV, Fentanyl 28 mcg IV prn, Silver sulfadiazine topically. Physical Examination: 30% TBSA burns to bilateral lower extremities, 4+ edema, sluggish capillary refill, nonpalpable pedal pulses.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is initiating the client's plan of care. Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. The client is at highest risk for developing as evidenced by the client's
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: A: Acute kidney injury is a risk due to hypoperfusion from burns and shock. B: Monitoring urine output (30 mL/hr goal) assesses renal function, a key indicator of kidney injury risk.
Extract:
11-year-old diagnosed 2 years ago with tonic-clonic seizure disorder. Three months ago, neurologist changed the child's antiepileptic medications to include Phenytoin due to increasing number of seizures per guardian. Diagnostic Results 1030: WBC count 8,500/mm3, RBC count 4.2, Hemoglobin 11 g/dL, Hematocrit 40%, Platelet count 216,000/mm3, Phenytoin Level: 6 mcg/mL (10 to 20 mcg/mL), Liver Enzymes: ALT 32units/L, ALP 240units/L, AST 44units/L, Albumin 4.1 g/dL, Total protein 6.5, Direct bilirubin 0.3 mg/dL, Indirect bilirubin 0.8 mg/dL. Vital Signs 0900: Temperature 36.8° C (98.2° F), Heart rate 80/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 116/78 mm Hg, SaO2 94% on room air. Nurses Notes 0900: Child reports a harsh non-productive cough worse when playing outside and at night, feels short of breath during coughing episodes. Guardian reports 3 seizures over the past week, last one yesterday morning, tonic-clonic, lasted 2 minutes. Child is alert, oriented. Noted dry, hyperpigmented, patchy, itchy skin in antecubital area with scratch marks and dried blood. Child has a 1-year history of mild exercise-induced asthma, prescribed albuterol prn.
Question 2 of 5
The client is at risk for developing due to .
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: A: Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe skin reaction linked to phenytoin, especially with recent onset of itchy, hyperpigmented skin patches. B: The skin rash, with scratching and blood, is a warning sign for potential progression to Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Extract:
Child weighing 44 pounds, prescribed acetaminophen 10 mg/kg/dose, available as 120 mg/5 mL.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10 mg/kg/dose to a child who weighs 44 pounds. The amount available is acetaminophen 120 mg/5 mL. How many ml should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Child's weight: 44 lb/ 2.2 = 20 kg. Dose: 20 kg x 10 mg/kg = 200 mg. Volume: 200 mg/ (120 mg/5 mL) = 8.33 mL, rounded to 8.3 mL. Correct answer: A (8.3 mL).
Extract:
Child with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
Question 4 of 5
A home health nurse is developing a plan of care for a child who has hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Which of the following goals is the priority for the nurse to include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: Modifying the environment ensures safety and accessibility, critical for a child with hemiplegia to prevent falls or injuries, making it the priority.
Extract:
Child diagnosed with medical abuse by his mother, suspected of Munchausen syndrome by proxy.
Question 5 of 5
A child has been diagnosed with medical abuse by his mother who is suspected of Munchausen syndrome by proxy. When setting goals, which is of the highest priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: C: Establishing the child's safety is the priority to prevent further harm from medical abuse.