ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 0.45% sodium chloride, also known as half-normal saline, is a hypotonic solution with a lower concentration of sodium than normal serum levels. It can help to lower the sodium levels in a client with hypernatremia by diluting the excess sodium in the body.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney failure about planning a low-protein diet. The client states, 'Why do I have to be concerned about protein?' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low-protein diet reduces the risk for uremia, a condition resulting from chronic kidney failure where urea and other waste products build up in the body due to impaired renal function.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperthyroidism can lead to emotional lability, anxiety, and irritability due to increased metabolic rate.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adequate fluid intake, typically recommended at least 3 liters (about 100 ounces) per day, helps dilute urine and reduce the concentration of stone-forming substances, thereby reducing the risk of kidney stone formation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing four clients on a medical unit. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as exhibiting positive manifestations of hypercortisolism?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Moon face, or rounded facial appearance with prominent cheeks, is a characteristic manifestation of hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome).