ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following are adverse effects of methylprednisolone? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Delayed wound healing is correct because corticosteroids suppress inflammation and collagen synthesis, impairing wound healing. Hirsutism is correct as long-term corticosteroid use can cause excessive hair growth due to effects on hair follicles. Hyperglycemia is correct because corticosteroids promote gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance, increasing blood glucose levels.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following clients is at the highest risk for developing osmotic cerebral edema?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapidly lowering plasma glucose levels creates an osmotic gradient between the brain and plasma, causing brain cells to pull water and result in cerebral edema. Hypokalemia, increased hemoglobin A1C, and elevated creatinine do not directly cause osmotic cerebral edema.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and is experiencing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Which of the following medications should the nurse recognize is associated with the development of PML?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody used for MS that increases PML risk, especially in JC virus antibody-positive patients. Pregabalin, furosemide, and metoprolol are not associated with PML.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following are symptoms of multiple sclerosis? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale:
Choice A: Photosensitivity is incorrect because it is not a common symptom of multiple sclerosis, though visual disturbances like optic neuritis may occur.
Choice B: Memory issues is correct as cognitive impairment, including memory problems, is common in MS.
Choice C: Lhermitte's sign is correct, characterized by an electric shock-like sensation down the spine with neck flexion, often due to cervical spinal cord lesions.
Choice D: Seizures is incorrect as they are not typical in MS.
Choice E: Central vision loss is correct due to optic neuritis, a frequent MS symptom.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and reports a tightening feeling around their torso. Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize this finding indicates?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The MS hug is a tightening sensation around the torso caused by intercostal muscle spasms due to spinal cord lesions in MS. Lhermitte's sign involves electric shock-like sensations, paroxysmal spasms are involuntary contractions, and trigeminal neuralgia causes facial pain, none of which match the torso tightening.