ATI RN
ATI Adult Medical Surgical 2019 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when the client identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Palpitations, sweating, and nervousness are manifestations of hypoglycemia due to sympathetic activation. Polyuria and polydipsia are associated with hyperglycemia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cotton socks are breathable, reducing infection risk. Heating pads, loose slippers, and hot water with antibacterial soap increase risks of burns or injury.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse finds a client in bed, unresponsive and breathing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Palpating the carotid pulse assesses circulation in an unresponsive but breathing client, following the ABC (airway, breathing, circulation) priority. Monitoring, blood pressure, or IV access are secondary.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal failure. The client displays the following ABG results: pH 7.24, PaCO2 44 mm Hg, PaO2 84 mm Hg, HCO3 18 mEq/L, base excess -2, and O2 saturation 95%. The nurse should conclude that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low pH (7.24) and low HCO3 (18 mEq/L) with normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic acidosis, common in renal failure due to impaired acid excretion.
Question 5 of 5
A community health nurse is reviewing home care instructions with an older adult client who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following is the priority topic for the nurse to review with the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monitoring weight changes is the priority in heart failure to detect fluid retention early, as sudden weight gain indicates worsening condition. Exercise, sodium, and fluid intake are important but secondary.