ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse finds a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus lying in bed, sweating, tachycardic, and reporting feeling lightheaded and shaky. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypoglycemia is indicated by sweating, tachycardia, lightheadedness, and shakiness due to low blood glucose. Ketoacidosis involves nausea and fruity breath. Hyperglycemia causes thirst and polyuria. Nephropathy is a chronic condition.
Question 2 of 5
A home health nurse reinforces instructions to a client who is taking allopurinol for the treatment of gout. The nurse provides which client instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drinking 8 glasses of fluid daily prevents kidney stones and flushes uric acid. Ice packs or antihistamine lotions for swelling or rash require medical attention. Allopurinol should be taken after meals to avoid stomach upset.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client after a total thyroidectomy. The nurse's priority should be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maintaining the client in a Fowler's position, with head neutral supported by pillows, helps reduce swelling and edema, prevent airway obstruction, and promote venous drainage. Coughing with neck flexed may increase bleeding risk. Supine position with sandbags may impair breathing and circulation. Turning head side to side may disrupt sutures or increase infection risk.
Question 4 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism. What information should the nurse obtain when conducting a focused assessment? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Weight gain, constipation, and decreased energy are common in hypothyroidism due to slowed metabolism, reduced gastrointestinal motility, and fatigue. Rapid pulse may indicate hyperthyroidism or anxiety. Hypertension may indicate renal or cardiovascular disease.
Question 5 of 5
What should the nurse do first when a client with a head injury begins to have clear drainage from the nose?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Collecting the drainage first helps identify if it is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or nasal secretions and monitors its characteristics. Compressing nares may increase intracranial pressure. Decongestants may mask CSF leakage. Tilting the head back may cause aspiration or infection.