ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a group of student nurses on the care of a client with Parkinson's disease. Which statement, if made by a student, indicates understanding of the topic?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parkinson's is caused by dopamine depletion and acetylcholine excess, affecting movement control. Low acetylcholine suggests myasthenia gravis. Myelin sheath deterioration suggests multiple sclerosis. Excess dopamine is incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
A home health nurse reinforces instructions to a client who is taking allopurinol for the treatment of gout. The nurse provides which client instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drinking 8 glasses of fluid daily prevents kidney stones and flushes uric acid. Ice packs or antihistamine lotions for swelling or rash require medical attention. Allopurinol should be taken after meals to avoid stomach upset.
Question 3 of 5
A lumbar puncture is performed on a client with suspected bacterial meningitis, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is obtained for analysis. The nurse determines that the diagnosis is confirmed if which findings are noted?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cloudy CSF confirms bacterial meningitis due to infection and inflammation. High glucose suggests diabetes. Low protein may indicate malnutrition. Decreased CSF pressure suggests dehydration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy for treatment of ovarian cancer and experiencing nausea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing an antiemetic 2 hours before chemotherapy prevents nausea effectively. Restricting food risks nutritional deficiencies. Carbonated beverages are less effective. Lying down may worsen nausea.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client is confused, flushed, and has an acetone odor on his breath. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following types of insulin to treat the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular insulin, short-acting, treats diabetic ketoacidosis indicated by confusion, flushing, and acetone breath. Lantus and NPH are long- or intermediate-acting. Lispro is rapid-acting for meals.