ATI RN
RN ATI Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Respiratory rate: 18/min
Blood pressure: 132/82 mm Hg SaO2: 96% on room air
Day 2
0600:
Temperature: 38.4°C (101.1°F) Heart rate: 92/min
Respiratory rate: 24/min
Blood pressure: 142/80 mm Hg SaO2: 94% on room air
Question 1 of 5
For each potential precaution, click to specify if the precaution is indicated or contraindicated for a client who has had a total hip arthroplasty.
| Options | indicated | contraindicated |
|---|---|---|
| Encourage the client to cough and deep breathe every 2 hr. | ||
| Obtain a culture of the drainage from the surgical site. | ||
| Anticipate the administration of antibiotics. | ||
| Ensure an abductor pillow is in place while the client is in bed. |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: A: Encouraging coughing and deep breathing helps prevent postoperative complications like atelectasis and pneumonia. B: Obtaining a culture can help identify potential pathogens. C: A temperature rise could indicate infection, so antibiotics might be necessary. E: An abductor pillow helps prevent dislocation of the hip prosthesis by maintaining proper alignment.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has a compression fracture of a spinal vertebra. During transport to the facility, the client was medicated with intravenous morphine. On arrival, the neurosurgeon determined urgent surgical intervention is indicated for the fracture. Staff members have been unable to reach the client's family. Which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate the neurosurgeon taking?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In emergency situations where the client is incapacitated, implied consent may be invoked when urgent surgical intervention is required, and efforts to contact family have been unsuccessful.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client following the application of a leg cast for the treatment of a fracture. If the cast is too tight, which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pallor (pale color) of the toes is an early sign of compromised blood circulation due to constriction from a tight cast.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a severe gangrenous infection of the right lower extremity. The nurse should plan preoperative teaching based on the possibility of which of the following amputation procedures?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Preoperative teaching should be realistic and focus on managing pain expectations post amputation. Gradual reduction in severe pain might be an achievable goal.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing the elastic bandage on the stump of a client who had a right below-the-knee amputation. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The dressing forming a cone shape over the stump suggests excessive tightness, which can impede circulation and create a tourniquet effect, leading to complications.