ATI RN
ATI SP 250 Exam 3 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: CD4-T-cell count 180 cells/mm3 is the nurse's priority.
Rationale: This is because a low CD4-T-cell count indicates a high risk of opportunistic infections and impaired immune function. The nurse should implement infection prevention measures and monitor the client for signs of infection. The other values are not as critical as the CD4-T-cell count.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has COPD. The nurse should include which of the following interventions in the plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This is because pursed-lip breathing helps to prevent air trapping and promote gas exchange by creating positive pressure in the airways. The nurse should also teach the client to exhale slowly and completely through pursed lips. The other interventions are not appropriate for a client who has COPD.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is performing an admission assessment of a client who has COPD with emphysema. The client reports that he has a frequent productive cough and is short of breath. The nurse should anticipate which of the following assessment findings for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This is because emphysema causes destruction of alveolar walls and loss of elastic recoil, which leads to air trapping and hyperinflation of the lungs. This results in a barrel-shaped chest and increased chest circumference.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is because SLE is an autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation and damage to various tissues and organs, including the skin. A facial rash, also known as a malar rash or butterfly rash, is one of the characteristic signs of SLE and affects about half of people with the condition.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about risk factors for skin cancer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This is because sunscreen protects the skin from ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which is a major risk factor for skin cancer. UV radiation can damage DNA and cause mutations that lead to abnormal cell growth and division. Sunscreen should be applied every day, regardless of the season or weather, as UV rays can penetrate clouds and reflect off snow and water.