ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is participating in a care planning conference for a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). What is the nurse's highest priority in providing care to this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Preventing infection is the highest priority for AIDS patients due to immune system impairment and risk of opportunistic infections. Emotional support, identifying risk factors, and discussing causes are less urgent.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client for findings related to diabetes insipidus following a craniotomy. Which of the following findings should indicate a manifestation of this condition to the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased urine output is a common finding in diabetes insipidus, as the lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes the kidneys to excrete large amounts of diluted urine. Hypertension may indicate increased intracranial pressure or other complications. Fluid retention may indicate syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) or heart failure. Elevated blood glucose may indicate diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing data for a client who has a head injury. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client might have diabetes insipidus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urine output of 800 mL/hr indicates diabetes insipidus due to large amounts of diluted urine from ADH deficiency. Blood glucose of 198 mg/dL suggests diabetes mellitus. Serum sodium of 145 mEq/L is normal. Urine specific gravity of 1.028 indicates concentrated urine.
Question 4 of 5
A home health nurse reinforces instructions to a client who is taking allopurinol for the treatment of gout. The nurse provides which client instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drinking 8 glasses of fluid daily prevents kidney stones and flushes uric acid. Ice packs or antihistamine lotions for swelling or rash require medical attention. Allopurinol should be taken after meals to avoid stomach upset.
Question 5 of 5
When evaluating a client how to administer insulin, which action indicates that additional teaching is necessary?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eating breakfast before injecting insulin risks hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. Rotating sites, using proper syringes, and securing sharps are correct practices.