ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client for findings related to diabetes insipidus following a craniotomy. Which of the following findings should indicate a manifestation of this condition to the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased urine output is a common finding in diabetes insipidus, as the lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes the kidneys to excrete large amounts of diluted urine. Hypertension may indicate increased intracranial pressure or other complications. Fluid retention may indicate syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) or heart failure. Elevated blood glucose may indicate diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse notes that a client's serum potassium level is 6 mEq/L. The nurse interprets this as an expected finding in the client with which health problem?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Addison's causes high potassium due to insufficient aldosterone. Cushing's and diarrhea cause low potassium. Diabetes insipidus affects water, not potassium.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client after a total thyroidectomy. The nurse's priority should be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maintaining the client in a Fowler's position, with head neutral supported by pillows, helps reduce swelling and edema, prevent airway obstruction, and promote venous drainage. Coughing with neck flexed may increase bleeding risk. Supine position with sandbags may impair breathing and circulation. Turning head side to side may disrupt sutures or increase infection risk.
Question 4 of 5
A lumbar puncture is performed on a client with suspected bacterial meningitis, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is obtained for analysis. The nurse determines that the diagnosis is confirmed if which findings are noted?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cloudy CSF confirms bacterial meningitis due to infection and inflammation. High glucose suggests diabetes. Low protein may indicate malnutrition. Decreased CSF pressure suggests dehydration.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with esophageal varices has a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. What is the most important safety intervention for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Keeping scissors at the bedside allows quick tube removal in case of airway obstruction or bleeding, prioritizing safety. Mouth care prevents infections but is less critical. Deflating the balloon may cause bleeding. Monitoring IV fluids prevents fluid overload but is not the most important.