ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A lumbar puncture is performed on a client with suspected bacterial meningitis, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is obtained for analysis. The nurse determines that the diagnosis is confirmed if which findings are noted?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cloudy CSF confirms bacterial meningitis due to infection and inflammation. High glucose suggests diabetes. Low protein may indicate malnutrition. Decreased CSF pressure suggests dehydration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Decreased urinary stream is a common finding in BPH, as the enlarged prostate compresses the urethra and obstructs the flow of urine. Painful urination may indicate a urinary tract infection or bladder stones. Critically elevated PSA level may indicate prostate cancer or prostatitis. Urge incontinence may indicate an overactive bladder or neurogenic bladder.
Question 3 of 5
What should the nurse do first when a client with a head injury begins to have clear drainage from the nose?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Collecting the drainage first helps identify if it is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or nasal secretions and monitors its characteristics. Compressing nares may increase intracranial pressure. Decongestants may mask CSF leakage. Tilting the head back may cause aspiration or infection.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has urolithiasis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging 3 L of fluids daily helps flush stones and prevent new ones. Decreased urine output suggests obstruction. High protein diets increase stone risk. Bed rest may increase urinary stasis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has cholecystitis about required dietary modifications. Which of the following food choices should the nurse inform the client to include in his diet?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Roast turkey, low in fat and high in protein, is suitable for cholecystitis to prevent gallbladder attacks. Ice cream, blueberry muffins, and macaroni and cheese are high in fat and may trigger symptoms.