ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an infection. The nurse should use which of the following strategies to prevent the transmission of the client's infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Answer D is correct because performing hand hygiene before, during, and after direct contact with the client is a key infection control measure. Hand hygiene helps prevent the spread of infection from the client to others and vice versa. Encouraging a high-protein diet (
A) is important for the client's nutrition but does not directly prevent transmission. Changing bed linens daily (
B) is essential for cleanliness but does not specifically target transmission prevention. Placing the client in a room with positive-pressure airflow (
C) may be appropriate for certain conditions but does not address direct transmission prevention like hand hygiene does.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a hip fracture that requires surgical repair. Which of the following health care professionals is responsible for obtaining informed consent from the client for the procedure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: SURGEON. The surgeon is responsible for obtaining informed consent from the client for the surgical procedure because they are the one performing the surgery. The surgeon must explain the procedure, risks, benefits, and possible alternatives to the client before the surgery. The other choices are incorrect because: A: SURGICAL SUITE NURSE does not have the authority to obtain informed consent for a surgical procedure. B: ANESTHESIOLOGIST is responsible for administering anesthesia, not obtaining informed consent. D: NURSE can assist in the process but does not have the primary responsibility for obtaining informed consent.
Question 3 of 5
While caring for a client, the nurse experiences a needle stick injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse is to wash the site of injury with soap and water. This helps reduce the risk of infection. Completing an incident report (
B) should be done after immediate care. Requesting consent for HIV testing (
A) should not be the first step as the priority is managing the injury. Consenting to postexposure treatment (
D) can come later after assessing the risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypoxemia for a late sign. Which finding should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bradycardia. In hypoxemia, the body compensates initially with tachycardia to increase oxygen delivery. However, as hypoxemia worsens and tissues become severely deprived of oxygen, the body's response shifts to bradycardia due to vagal stimulation. This is a late sign of severe hypoxemia. Hypertension (
A) would not be expected as hypoxemia often leads to hypotension. Tachycardia (
B) is an early sign of hypoxemia. Pallor (
C) may be present but is not a specific late sign of hypoxemia.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is educating a client with Type 2 diabetes on the importance of having regular eye examinations. The nurse should explain this is due to what complication from diabetes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diabetes can cause retinopathy and may lead to blindness. The rationale is that uncontrolled high blood sugar levels in Type 2 diabetes can damage the blood vessels in the retina, leading to a condition called diabetic retinopathy. This can progress over time and potentially result in vision loss or blindness. Regular eye examinations are crucial for early detection and timely management of this complication.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as diabetes does not change eye color, primarily cause dry eyes, or necessitate glasses for everyone with diabetes.