ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Quiz 240 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
In the treatment of angina, the mechanism of action of a beta-adrenergic blocker is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Slowed heart rate and decreased contractility of the heart. Beta blockers work by blocking the action of adrenaline on beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart. This leads to a decrease in heart rate and contractility, reducing the workload of the heart and oxygen demand, which is beneficial in angina treatment.
Choice A is incorrect as beta blockers do not primarily act on peripheral resistance.
Choice B is incorrect as beta blockers actually reduce contractility and heart rate.
Choice C is incorrect as it describes the mechanism of action of other vasodilators, not beta blockers.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor for depression. In planning care for this patient, the nurse knows that a hypertensive crisis may be possible and plans on having what drug on hand as an antidote?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium channel blockers. When a patient taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) experiences a hypertensive crisis, calcium channel blockers are used as an antidote. Calcium channel blockers help relax blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and counteracting the hypertensive crisis. Meperidine (
A) can actually worsen the crisis due to its interaction with MAOIs. Carbamazepine (
C) and dextromethorphan (
D) do not have a direct antidote effect on MAOI-induced hypertensive crisis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription of phenelzine (Nardil) for the treatment of depression. Which of the following indicates that the client has developed an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Orthostatic hypotension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) used to treat depression. Orthostatic hypotension is a common adverse effect of MAOIs due to their effects on blood pressure regulation. When a client experiences orthostatic hypotension, their blood pressure drops significantly upon standing, leading to dizziness or fainting. This can be dangerous and requires monitoring.
Hearing loss (choice
A) is not a common adverse effect of phenelzine. Weight loss (choice
C) can occur but is less common than orthostatic hypotension. Gastrointestinal bleeding (choice
D) is not a typical adverse effect of phenelzine. The key is to focus on the known side effects of phenelzine and select the one that aligns best with the presented symptom.
Question 4 of 5
The mother of an 8-year-old client who is receiving methylphenidate (Ritalin) tells the nurse the child has not slept well since being started on this drug. Which assessment question is a priority for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B - What time do you give your child the medication?
Rationale: This question is a priority because the timing of methylphenidate administration can impact the child's sleep. Giving the medication too late in the day can lead to insomnia. By asking about the timing, the nurse can assess if adjustments are needed to promote better sleep.
Summary of other choices:
A: Asking about giving the medication with food is important for absorption but not directly related to sleep issues.
C: Inquiring about sleep apnea is relevant for sleep disturbances but not directly related to the medication's timing.
D: Asking about problems at school is important but not the priority in addressing the child's sleep issue.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for sertraline (Zoloft) for posttraumatic stress disorder. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "You may have a decreased desire for intimacy while taking this medication." Sertraline, an SSRI used for PTSD, can cause sexual side effects like decreased libido. This information is important for the client's understanding and may impact their quality of life.
Choice B is incorrect because sertraline is usually taken in the morning to prevent insomnia.
Choice C is incorrect as there is no direct correlation between urination timing and urinary side effects of sertraline.
Choice D is incorrect as light sensitivity is not a common side effect of sertraline.