ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A small-bore feeding tube is placed. Which technique will the nurse use to best verify tube placement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: X-ray. X-ray is the gold standard method to verify small-bore feeding tube placement as it provides a direct visualization of the tube's position in the gastrointestinal tract. This technique ensures accurate placement and reduces the risk of complications such as aspiration. Auscultation (
A) may not always be reliable, especially in critically ill patients. Aspiration of contents (
B) can lead to false reassurance if the tube is placed in the respiratory tract. pH testing (
C) is not definitive for tube placement confirmation. X-ray (
D) is the most reliable method to confirm tube placement accurately.
Question 2 of 5
A client suffering from depression presents to the healthcare setting for pharmacologic treatment. Which of the following medications would be considered the first line treatment for depression?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sertraline (Zoloft). Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used as a first-line treatment for depression due to its efficacy, safety, and tolerability. SSRI's are recommended as initial therapy for depression as they have fewer side effects compared to other antidepressants. Haloperidol, clozapine, and risperidone are antipsychotic medications typically used for psychotic disorders, not as first-line treatments for depression.
Therefore, they are not appropriate choices for the treatment of depression.
Question 3 of 5
A client with hypertension and benign prostate hyperplasia is prescribed doxazosin (Cardura). Which of the following statements would the nurse emphasize regarding doxazosin (Cardura)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Be sure to lie down after taking the first dose, because first-dose hypotension may make you dizzy. Doxazosin is an alpha-blocker used to treat hypertension and benign prostate hyperplasia. By lying down after the first dose, the client can minimize the risk of experiencing first-dose hypotension, which may cause dizziness due to a sudden drop in blood pressure. This precaution helps prevent falls and injuries. Option A is incorrect because weight loss is not a common side effect of doxazosin. Option C is incorrect as taste impairment is not commonly associated with this medication. Option D is incorrect because doxazosin does not impact potassium levels, so increasing potassium intake is unnecessary and potentially harmful.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is at risk for skin breakdown. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to help maintain the integrity of the client's skin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide the client with a diet high in protein. Protein is essential for skin integrity as it aids in tissue repair and regeneration. Adequate protein intake can help maintain skin health and prevent breakdown. Repositioning the client every 3 hours (
B) is important for preventing pressure ulcers but is not directly related to maintaining skin integrity. Massaging bony prominences (
C) can actually cause more harm by increasing friction and pressure on vulnerable areas. Applying cornstarch (
D) may help keep the skin dry, but it does not directly address skin integrity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has urinary incontinence. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement to prevent the development of skin breakdown?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C: Apply a moisture barrier ointment to the client's skin.
Rationale: Applying a moisture barrier ointment helps protect the skin from irritation and breakdown caused by prolonged exposure to moisture from incontinence. This forms a protective barrier, maintaining skin integrity. Checking the skin every 8 hours (
A) may not prevent breakdown as frequently as needed. Cleaning with hot water (
B) can strip the skin of natural oils and worsen skin irritation. Requesting an indwelling catheter (
D) is invasive and increases the risk of infection, not preventing skin breakdown.