ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology NRSG 106 Fletcher Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has asthma and is about to start taking theophylline (Theo-24). The nurse should tell the client that this medication might cause which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tachycardia. Theophylline is a bronchodilator that can cause tachycardia as a common adverse effect due to its stimulant properties. Theophylline works by relaxing the muscles in the airways to improve breathing but can also stimulate the heart, leading to increased heart rate. This effect is important for the client to be aware of, as it can be concerning if not expected. Drowsiness (
B), constipation (
C), and oliguria (
D) are not typically associated with theophylline use. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the client on potential side effects to ensure safety and appropriate management.
Question 2 of 5
A patient will be starting therapy with a corticosteroid. The nurse reviews the prescriber's orders and notes that an interaction may occur if the corticosteroid is taken with which of these drug classes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Corticosteroids, when taken with NSAIDs, can increase the risk of gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding due to their combined effect on the stomach lining. This interaction occurs because both corticosteroids and NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, which plays a role in maintaining the integrity of the stomach lining.
Therefore, combining these medications can lead to an increased risk of gastrointestinal complications.
Choices A, C, and D do not typically have significant interactions with corticosteroids in this context. Antibiotics, opioid analgesics, and antidepressants may have their own interactions with corticosteroids, but they do not pose the same level of risk for gastrointestinal issues as NSAIDs.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine 0.175 mg PO once a day. The amount available is levothyroxine 8 mcg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To calculate the number of tablets needed, convert 0.175 mg to mcg (0.175 mg x 1000 = 175 mcg). Divide the total mcg needed by the mcg per tablet (175 mcg ÷ 8 mcg/tablet = 21.875). Rounding up to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer 22 tablets per dose, making choice D the correct answer.
Choice A is incorrect as it is too low.
Choice B is incorrect as it does not account for the conversion and rounding.
Choice C is incorrect as it is too high.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing contraception options for four clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A 38-year-old client who reports smoking one pack of cigarettes every day. Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular events in women using oral contraceptives, especially in women over 35 years old. The estrogen in oral contraceptives combined with smoking can increase the risk of blood clots, stroke, and heart attack.
Therefore, this client has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because benign breast disease, migraines, and a history of pelvic inflammatory disease are not contraindications for oral contraceptives.
Question 5 of 5
A woman visits a health center requesting oral contraceptives. Which laboratory test is most important for the nurse to assess before the patient begins oral contraceptive therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pregnancy test. Before starting oral contraceptives, it is crucial to rule out pregnancy to prevent potential harm to the fetus. Oral contraceptives are contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of birth defects and complications. Vaginal cultures (choice
A) are not necessary before starting oral contraceptives. While a complete blood count (choice
B) and serum potassium level (choice
C) are important for monitoring during oral contraceptive therapy, they are not essential before initiating treatment. The most critical assessment prior to starting oral contraceptives is to confirm the absence of pregnancy through a pregnancy test.