ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology NRSG 106 Fletcher Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing contraception options for four clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A 38-year-old client who reports smoking one pack of cigarettes every day. Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular events in women using oral contraceptives, especially in women over 35 years old. The estrogen in oral contraceptives combined with smoking can increase the risk of blood clots, stroke, and heart attack.
Therefore, this client has a contraindication for receiving oral contraceptives.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because benign breast disease, migraines, and a history of pelvic inflammatory disease are not contraindications for oral contraceptives.
Question 2 of 5
A woman visits a health center requesting oral contraceptives. Which laboratory test is most important for the nurse to assess before the patient begins oral contraceptive therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pregnancy test. Before starting oral contraceptives, it is crucial to rule out pregnancy to prevent potential harm to the fetus. Oral contraceptives are contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of birth defects and complications. Vaginal cultures (choice
A) are not necessary before starting oral contraceptives. While a complete blood count (choice
B) and serum potassium level (choice
C) are important for monitoring during oral contraceptive therapy, they are not essential before initiating treatment. The most critical assessment prior to starting oral contraceptives is to confirm the absence of pregnancy through a pregnancy test.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for codeine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "You should change positions slowly." When a client takes codeine, it can cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when changing positions quickly. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the nurse helps prevent falls or injuries.
Choice A is incorrect because alcohol consumption should be avoided with codeine, not limited to 12 ounces daily.
Choice B is incorrect as diarrhea is not a common side effect of codeine.
Choice C is incorrect as taking codeine on an empty stomach can actually increase the risk of nausea.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which of the following medications can cause glucose intolerance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prednisone. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can cause glucose intolerance by increasing blood sugar levels through various mechanisms, such as decreasing insulin sensitivity and increasing gluconeogenesis. This can be especially problematic for individuals with diabetes, as it can worsen glycemic control.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant and does not typically affect glucose levels.
C: Atorvastatin is a statin used to lower cholesterol and does not have a direct impact on glucose intolerance.
D: Cimetidine is an H2 blocker used to reduce stomach acid and does not typically affect glucose levels.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is to begin taking tamoxifen to treat breast cancer. The nurse should instruct the client to expect which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clotting. Tamoxifen is known to increase the risk of blood clots, which can lead to serious complications like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. The mechanism of action of tamoxifen involves blocking estrogen receptors, which can lead to a pro-coagulant state. Constipation (choice
A), tinnitus (choice
C), and urinary retention (choice
D) are not commonly associated adverse effects of tamoxifen. Constipation is more often linked to opioid medications, tinnitus to ototoxic drugs, and urinary retention to medications with anticholinergic effects.