ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and requires mechanical ventilation. The client receives a prescription for pancuronium. The nurse recognizes that this medication is for which of the following purposes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Suppress respiratory effort. Pancuronium is a neuromuscular blocking agent that paralyzes skeletal muscles, including those involved in breathing. In ARDS, the lungs become stiff and non-compliant, making it difficult for the client to breathe effectively. By suppressing respiratory effort, pancuronium allows the mechanical ventilator to do the work of breathing for the client. This helps improve oxygenation and ventilation.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because pancuronium does not affect chest wall compliance, respiratory secretions, or induce sedation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I'll use an electric razor for shaving." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because clients taking warfarin are at risk for bleeding due to its anticoagulant effects. Using an electric razor reduces the risk of cuts and bleeding during shaving, which is important to prevent potential complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: Eating more foods with vitamin K can interfere with the effectiveness of warfarin.
B: Taking aspirin can increase the risk of bleeding when combined with warfarin.
D: Alcohol consumption, especially in excess, can interact with warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding.
In summary, the correct answer focuses on safety measures to prevent bleeding, while the incorrect choices involve actions that can potentially increase the risk of bleeding when taking warfarin.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data on a client who has a new prescription for heparin for treatment of a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following data should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Platelets 74,000/mm3. A low platelet count can increase the risk of bleeding when taking heparin, an anticoagulant. The nurse should report this to the provider to prevent potential complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: Hematocrit 45% - This value is within the normal range and not directly related to heparin therapy.
C: PTT 65 seconds - Although an elevated PTT may indicate a risk of bleeding with heparin, the platelet count is more directly relevant.
D: White blood cell count 8,000/mm3 - This value is within the normal range and not directly related to heparin therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use an electric razor while on this medication. This instruction is important because warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that can increase the risk of bleeding. Using an electric razor instead of a manual razor helps prevent cuts that could lead to excessive bleeding. It is crucial for the client's safety.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: If a dose of the medication is missed, doubling the dose is dangerous and can increase the risk of bleeding.
C: Nosebleeds are not common during initial treatment with warfarin. If a client experiences persistent or severe nosebleeds, they should seek medical attention.
D: Increasing fiber intake does not directly reduce the adverse effects of constipation associated with warfarin. Clients should maintain a balanced diet and adequate hydration instead.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is completing a medical interview with a client who has elevated cholesterol levels and takes warfarin. The nurse should recognize that which of the following actions by the client can potentiate the effects of warfarin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D - The client uses garlic to lower cholesterol levels.
Rationale: Garlic is known to have anticoagulant properties and can potentiate the effects of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. This is due to garlic's ability to inhibit platelet aggregation and enhance the effects of anticoagulant medications like warfarin.
Summary of incorrect choices:
A: Following a low-fat diet to reduce cholesterol would not potentiate the effects of warfarin.
B: Drinking grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications but not specifically with warfarin.
C: Sprinkling flax seeds on food is not known to potentiate the effects of warfarin.
E, F, G: No information provided, but these choices are not relevant to the potentiation of warfarin effects.