ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has asthma and a prescription for albuterol. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tachycardia. Albuterol is a bronchodilator commonly used in asthma treatment. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, leading to increased heart rate, which can manifest as tachycardia. Monitoring for this adverse effect is crucial to ensure the client's safety. Fever (
B), constipation (
C), and drowsiness (
D) are not commonly associated with albuterol use, making them incorrect choices.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answers are B, C, and D. Older adults have decreased renal function, which can lead to drug accumulation and toxicity. Multiple health problems increase the likelihood of drug interactions and adverse reactions. Polypharmacy, or taking multiple medications, increases the risk of drug-drug interactions and side effects.
Choice A is incorrect because decreased body fat may affect drug distribution but is not a direct risk factor for adverse reactions.
Choice E, increased rate of absorption, is incorrect as it does not directly contribute to adverse reactions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is receiving gentamicin for staphylococcus. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Creatinine 1.8 mg/dL. Elevated creatinine levels indicate potential kidney damage, a known side effect of gentamicin. The nurse should report this immediately to prevent further renal impairment. A: Fasting blood glucose of 130 mg/dL is slightly elevated but not a priority over kidney function. B: WBC 11,000/mm³ is within normal range and not directly related to gentamicin therapy. C: Potassium 4.5 mEq/L is also within normal limits and not a concerning finding in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is admitting a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis and a blood glucose level of 800 mg/dL. Which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 0.9% sodium chloride 15 mL/kg/hr. The initial priority in managing diabetic ketoacidosis is to address dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Administering 0.9% sodium chloride at 15 mL/kg/hr helps to rehydrate the client and improve circulation. This intervention helps to correct the hypovolemia commonly seen in diabetic ketoacidosis, stabilizing the client's condition before addressing other aspects of treatment.
Choice A (Subcutaneous insulin injections) would be the next step after fluid resuscitation to lower the blood glucose level.
Choice B (Bicarbonate by IV infusion) is not typically recommended as it can worsen acidosis.
Choice D (Potassium chloride 10 mEq/hr) should be held until the client's renal function and urine output are assessed to prevent potential hyperkalemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about the adverse effects of ergotamine to a client who has migraine headaches. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Paresthesias. Ergotamine can cause paresthesias, which are abnormal sensations like tingling or numbness. This is due to its vasoconstrictive effects on blood vessels. Blurred vision (
A) is not a common adverse effect of ergotamine. Hematuria (
B) is the presence of blood in urine and is not typically associated with ergotamine use. Tinnitus (
C) is ringing in the ears and is not a common side effect of ergotamine.
Therefore, the nurse should focus on educating the client about the risk of paresthesias when taking ergotamine for migraine headaches.