ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse caring for a client is receiving hydromorphone HCL via PCA pump and reports continuous pain of 6 on a scale from 0 to 10. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Checking the display on the pump is the most critical initial action. This step ensures the PCA pump is functioning correctly and delivering the correct dosage as prescribed.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is educating a client with Type 2 diabetes on the importance of having regular eye examinations. The nurse should explain this is due to what complication from diabetes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes can indeed cause diabetic retinopathy, which is a condition where high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina.
Question 3 of 5
A client admitted to the hospital has been placed on furosemide (Lasix) for the treatment of heart failure. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for associated with furosemide (Lasix)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, is a common side effect associated with furosemide. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys, which leads to an increase in urine output. This process can also cause the body to lose potassium, making hypokalemia a significant risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with an elevated serum potassium level of 6.0 mEq/L (3.5-5.0 mEq/L). Which scheduled medication should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a cation-exchange resin that is specifically used to treat hyperkalemia. It works by binding to potassium in the gastrointestinal tract, which is then excreted through the feces. This process effectively lowers serum potassium levels. Given its mechanism of action and its specific indication for treating hyperkalemia, sodium polystyrene sulfonate is the appropriate choice for a patient with an elevated potassium level of 6.0 mEq/L.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the administration of nitroglycerin. Which of the following routes of administration provides the most rapid onset for the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual administration provides the most rapid onset of action for nitroglycerin. The medication is absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes under the tongue.