LPN Pharmacology Questions - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypokalemia is a known side effect of furosemide, a loop diuretic. Furosemide causes increased excretion of potassium in the urine, leading to low potassium levels in the body which can result in serious complications such as cardiac dysrhythmias.
Therefore, any signs or symptoms of hypokalemia should be promptly reported to the healthcare provider for appropriate management.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because weight gain, dry cough, and increased appetite are not typically associated with furosemide use and are not concerning side effects that require immediate reporting to the provider.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
Choice B is correct because clozapine requires monitoring (e.g., ANC for neutropenia) under its REMS program due to severe risks, unlike others.
Choice A is incorrect as acetaminophen doesn't need REMS monitoring.
Choice C is wrong because ibuprofen lacks such requirements.
Choice D is incorrect since only clozapine applies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Heat intolerance is a hallmark sign of levothyroxine toxicity. It indicates that the client may be receiving an excessive dose of levothyroxine, leading to hyperthyroid symptoms. This can happen when the dosage is too high, causing the body to have an excess of thyroid hormone. Weight loss is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism but alone does not specifically indicate levothyroxine toxicity. Insomnia can be related to hyperthyroidism but is not a specific sign of levothyroxine toxicity. Dry skin is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism rather than levothyroxine toxicity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Choice A is correct because bioavailability—the fraction of drug reaching systemic circulation—is critical for drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges (where small changes risk toxicity or inefficacy) and sustained-release forms (where release rate affects duration).
Choice B is incorrect as bioavailability varies by formulation, not all brands are identical.
Choice C is wrong because dosing frequency doesn't inherently increase bioavailability.
Choice D is incorrect since inert substances can alter absorption, impacting bioavailability.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
Choice D is correct because anticholinergic drugs block acetylcholine, causing constipation (GI slowing), cognitive impairment (brain effects), and urinary retention (bladder relaxation) in the elderly, per pharmacology.
Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one effect.
Choice B is wrong by itself because cognition is just part.
Choice C is incorrect solo since retention is only one issue.