ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Adult Medical-Surgical 1 Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare provider is assessing a client who has a heart rate of 40/min. The client is diaphoretic and has chest pain. Which of the following medications should the healthcare provider plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client presents with bradycardia, diaphoresis, and chest pain, indicating reduced cardiac output. Atropine is the appropriate choice as it increases heart rate by blocking the parasympathetic nervous system. Lidocaine is used for ventricular arrhythmias, Adenosine for supraventricular tachycardia, and Verapamil for controlling heart rate in atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. These medications are not suitable for the client's current presentation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with heart failure and a prescription for furosemide 20 mg PO twice daily. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Increase intake of high-potassium foods." Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia, a condition characterized by low potassium levels.
To prevent this adverse effect, the client should increase their intake of high-potassium foods.
Choice A is incorrect because furosemide typically leads to decreased blood pressure, not increased.
Choice C is incorrect because furosemide is used to reduce swelling, not increase it.
Choice D is incorrect because the second dose of furosemide should be taken in the morning to prevent nocturia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who will be placed in halo traction following surgical repair of the cervical spine. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the client's skin under the halo vest. This is important to assess for signs of skin issues such as excessive sweating, redness, or blistering, which can lead to skin breakdown and infection.
Choice A is incorrect because inspecting the pin site every 4 hours is necessary but not the priority in this case.
Choice C is incorrect as it is not essential for two personnel to hold the halo device during repositioning.
Choice D is incorrect because applying powder frequently can actually increase the risk of skin issues by clogging pores and causing irritation.
Question 4 of 5
A client is to undergo a liver biopsy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client following the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Following a liver biopsy, the nurse should instruct the client to lie on the right side to promote hemostasis. This position helps apply pressure to the biopsy site, reducing the risk of bleeding. Instructing the client to lie on the left side (
Choice
A) would not provide the same benefit. Increasing fluid intake (
Choice
C) is generally beneficial post-procedure to prevent dehydration and promote healing. Decreasing fluid intake (
Choice
D) is not advisable as it can lead to dehydration and potential complications.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has meningitis. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a positive Kernig's sign?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A positive Kernig's sign is identified when a client is unable to extend their leg completely without pain after hip flexion. This finding indicates meningeal irritation.
Choices A, C, and D do not describe Kernig's sign.
Choice A describes a normal plantar reflex, choice C refers to coordination issues, and choice D describes neck pain and stiffness, which are not specific to Kernig's sign.