Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The right arm is preferred e.g., standard unless contraindicated (e.g., IVs). Contraptions (interference), left arm post-CVA (weakness), or left default don't apply. Nurses choose this e.g., routine for consistency, per guidelines.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Florence Nightingale crafted nursing's first theory in the 1850s, emphasizing environmental manipulation e.g., sanitation in Crimean War hospitals cut deaths. Hammurabi (laws), Alexander (conqueror), and Fabiola (caregiver) didn't theorize nursing. Her work, like 'Notes on Nursing,' formalized the profession, influencing modern practices like infection control. Recognized as nursing's founder, her environmental focus remains a bedrock, shaping its scientific and caring identity globally.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chronic illness is a long-term condition (
C), per definition e.g., diabetes, over 6 months. Rapid (
A) and short (
B) are acute, temporary (
D) not chronic. C best captures chronicity, making it correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Intuitive Period (prehistory-6th century) saw trephining drilling skull holes to expel evil spirits causing illness, per Egyptian beliefs. Unlike the Dark Period (religious decline), Contemporary (modern), or Educative (formal training), this era relied on instinct and superstition, shaping early nursing's rudimentary care approaches.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The parathyroid secretes PTH e.g., raises calcium unlike thyroxine, calcitonin (thyroid), TSH (pituitary). Nurses assess e.g., calcium for function, per physiology.