ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Exam 1 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Mr. Gary's wife acted as a proxy in decision making when Mr. Gary became unconscious due to complication of his illness. This is an example of?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mrs. Gary as proxy when Mr. Gary is unconscious is a health care proxy (
C), per legal terms designated decision-maker. Living will (
A) states wishes, DNR (
B) bars CPR, bill of rights (
D) ensures care. C fits surrogate role, making it correct.
Question 2 of 5
Due to release of adrenocortical steroids by stress in patients who have undergone extensive prolonged surgery are likely to develop depletion of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stress from prolonged surgery triggers cortisol release, increasing potassium excretion via urine (aldosterone effect) and shifting it intracellularly, causing hypokalemia. Sodium is retained, calcium and chloride less affected. Nurses monitor for weakness or arrhythmias, replacing potassium to counter steroid-induced losses, maintaining electrolyte balance critical post-op.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statement is NOT true about nurse as an advocate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Advocates protect rights (
A), mediate (
B), inform (
C) 'overrides decision' (
D) isn't true, contradicts autonomy, per nursing role. D's control opposes advocacy, making it untrue.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a step in problem solving?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Problem-solving steps include collecting data (gathering facts), identifying the problem (defining it), and determining a plan (acting) e.g., addressing a patient's fever by checking vitals, diagnosing infection, and medicating. Stating a null hypothesis (e.g., 'no effect') is a research step, testing assumptions scientifically, not a general problem-solving action in nursing practice. Nurses solve issues practically e.g., adjusting IV flow without formal hypotheses, which suit studies (e.g., drug trials). The other steps align with clinical decision-making, making null hypothesis the outlier, irrelevant to routine problem-solving's immediate, action-oriented focus.
Question 5 of 5
The client is on NPO post midnight. Which of the following, if done by the client, is sufficient to cancel the operation in the morning?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NPO (nothing by mouth) post-midnight ensures an empty stomach for surgery to prevent aspiration. Smoking at 3:00 A.M (
D) violates NPO, as it involves inhalation and can stimulate gastric secretions, posing risks. Eating at 10:00 P.M (
A) or drinking at 11:50 P.M (
B) occur before midnight, adhering to NPO. Brushing teeth (
C) doesn't involve ingestion. Smoking's timing and physiological impact breach NPO, potentially necessitating cancellation, making D the correct answer.