Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Red eyes post-malaria suggest an ocular complication. Conjunctivitis (choice
A) causes redness but isn't typically linked to malaria unless secondary infection occurs. Anterior uveitis (choice
B), inflammation of the iris and ciliary body, is a rare but documented malaria sequel, possibly from immune response or parasite-related damage, presenting with redness, pain, and photophobia. Viral keratitis (choice
C) affects the cornea and is unrelated to malaria. Endophthalmitis (choice
D), a severe intraocular infection, is unlikely without trauma or surgery. B is correct, as anterior uveitis aligns with malaria's systemic inflammatory effects. Nurses should assess eye symptoms, refer to ophthalmology, and manage pain, preventing vision loss in such cases.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Chlorine tablets disinfect water by releasing hypochlorous acid to kill pathogens. Standard tablets (e.g., 1 mg chlorine) are designed to treat specific volumes based on concentration needs (typically 0.5-2 mg/L).
Choice A (10 L) underestimates common tablet capacity, while C (30 L) and D (40 L) exceed typical single-tablet efficacy without specifying tablet strength. B (20 L) aligns with widely used chlorine tablets (e.g., NaDC
C) for household water purification, achieving safe levels per WHO guidelines. Nurses educating communities on water safety must clarify dosage, ensuring effective pathogen control without overdose, making 20 L the correct, practical answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Apgar score assesses newborn vitality at 1 and 5 minutes post-birth across five criteria: heart rate, respiration, muscle tone, reflex, color. Heart rate (choice
A) is primary; absent (<60 bpm = 0, <100 = 1, >100 = 2) dictates immediate resuscitation, making it the most critical. Respiratory rate (choice
B) follows, but weak/absent breathing often ties to heart rate. Meconium (choice
C) isn't scored directly, though it flags distress. Moro reflex (choice
D) tests tone/reflex, secondary to vitals. A is correct, as heart rate drives initial intervention. Nurses prioritize it, ensuring rapid response to stabilize the infant.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Precipitous birth outside controlled settings demands urgent action. Tying/cutting the cord (choice
A) is secondary; delay poses no immediate risk unless bleeding occurs. Establishing an airway (choice
B) is first, as newborns must breathe independently clearing mucus or stimulating crying ensures oxygenation, critical within the golden minute. Checking the fundus (choice
C) assesses maternal bleeding, a later priority. Transport (choice
D) follows stabilization. B is correct, per neonatal resuscitation guidelines. Nurses clear airways, warm the infant, and then address cord and maternal needs, ensuring survival.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The coronary vessels are unique because they respond to sympathetic stimulation with vasodilatation, unlike most other blood vessels which constrict. Sympathetic stimulation activates the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate and oxygen demand.
To meet this demand, the coronary arteries dilate to supply more blood to the heart muscle. Vasoconstriction (
A) is incorrect as it would reduce blood flow, countering the heart's needs during stress. Decreases in force of contractility (
C) or cardiac output (
D) are unrelated to the vascular response and pertain more to myocardial function, not the coronary vessels' behavior. This vasodilatation is mediated by beta-adrenergic receptors, ensuring adequate perfusion during heightened activity, making B the correct choice.