ATI PN Adult Medical Surgical 2019 - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Report any signs of infection, such as sore throat or fever, to your healthcare provider." This is important because PTU can cause agranulocytosis, a serious side effect that can lead to severe infections. By reporting signs of infection early, the healthcare provider can monitor the client's blood counts and adjust treatment if necessary.


Choice B is incorrect because increasing intake of iodine-rich foods can worsen hyperthyroidism.
Choice C is incorrect because PTU should be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
Choice D is incorrect because weight gain and fatigue are not common side effects of PTU; in fact, weight loss and hyperactivity are more common.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Thiamine (Vitamin B1). Chronic alcohol use can lead to thiamine deficiency, causing neurological symptoms like confusion and unsteady gait (Wernicke's encephalopathy). Thiamine is crucial for brain function and alcohol interferes with its absorption. Vitamin B12 (choice
B) deficiency can also cause neurological symptoms but is less likely in this case. Folic acid (choice
C) deficiency can lead to anemia and neural tube defects, not directly related to the symptoms described. Vitamin D (choice
D) deficiency typically presents with bone pain and muscle weakness, not confusion and gait issues.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Trim your toenails straight across to prevent ingrown toenails.


Rationale:
1. Trimming toenails straight across helps prevent ingrown nails.
2. Ingrown nails can lead to infection, especially risky for diabetics due to poor wound healing.
3. Walking barefoot toughens feet, increasing risk of injury.
4. Soaking in hot water can cause burns or skin damage.
5. Using a heating pad can lead to burns or decreased sensation in feet, increasing injury risk.

Summary:
Option C is correct as it directly addresses a common issue in diabetic foot care - ingrown toenails. Options A, B, and D pose risks of injury or damage to the feet, which is detrimental for diabetic individuals.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: LDL of 200 mg/dL. Elevated LDL levels are a major risk factor for CAD and require immediate intervention. Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is used to lower LDL levels. High LDL contributes to plaque buildup in arteries.
A:
Total cholesterol of 180 mg/dL is within the normal range and doesn't require immediate intervention.
C: Triglycerides of 150 mg/dL are also within the normal range and don't pose an immediate risk.
D: HDL of 40 mg/dL is considered low, but it is not as critical as high LDL levels in the context of CAD.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Monitor your blood pressure regularly." This instruction is crucial for a client with hypertension prescribed hydrochlorothiazide because the medication helps lower blood pressure. By monitoring their blood pressure regularly, the client can track the effectiveness of the medication and ensure it is within the target range. This allows for early detection of any potential issues or the need for medication adjustments.

Option A is incorrect because while it is generally recommended to take hydrochlorothiazide in the morning, it is not the most critical instruction for this scenario. Option B is incorrect as hydrochlorothiazide can cause hypokalemia, so avoiding high potassium foods is not necessary. Option D is also important but not as crucial as monitoring blood pressure, as reducing high-sodium foods can help manage hypertension but is not specific to hydrochlorothiazide.