ATI Learning System PN Medical Surgical Final Quizlet - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal of care for a client with esophageal varices secondary to liver cirrhosis is to control bleeding. This is because esophageal varices can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage. By controlling bleeding, we can prevent severe complications and potentially save the client's life. Preventing infection (
Choice
A) is important but not the primary goal in this case. Reducing portal hypertension (
Choice
C) is a long-term goal and may help prevent variceal bleeding in the future, but it is not the immediate priority. Maintaining nutritional status (
Choice
D) is important for overall health but is not the primary goal when managing acute bleeding from esophageal varices.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit foods high in protein. Levodopa competes with amino acids for absorption in the small intestine, so consuming high-protein foods can reduce its effectiveness. Limiting protein intake can help maximize the absorption and efficacy of levodopa. Increasing vitamin C (option
A) is not directly related to levodopa metabolism. Avoiding fiber (option
C) is not necessary for levodopa therapy. Increasing sodium intake (option
D) is not indicated for levodopa treatment in Parkinson's disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Expect orange-red discoloration of body fluids. Rifampin is known to cause a harmless side effect of discoloration of body fluids, such as urine, sweat, saliva, and tears, turning them orange-red. This is a common occurrence and should be expected by the patient.

Incorrect choices:
A: Limit intake of green leafy vegetables - This advice is not necessary with rifampin.
C: Avoid exposure to sunlight - There is no direct association between rifampin and sunlight exposure.
D: Take the medication with antacids - Rifampin should not be taken with antacids as they can interfere with its absorption.

In summary, the correct answer is B because it aligns with a known side effect of rifampin, while the other choices are not relevant to the medication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
Step 1: Statins can cause muscle pain or weakness as a side effect.

Step 2: Prompt reporting of muscle pain or weakness is crucial to address potential myopathy or rhabdomyolysis.

Step 3: Nurse should educate patient to report any muscle symptoms promptly for timely intervention and prevention of complications.
Summary: Option B is correct as it emphasizes the importance of monitoring and reporting potential side effects of statins. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as taking with food, increasing grapefruit juice intake, and avoiding potassium-rich foods are not relevant considerations for statin therapy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prothrombin time (PT). In cirrhosis, the liver's ability to produce clotting factors is impaired, leading to a higher risk of bleeding. Monitoring PT helps assess the liver's synthetic function and the blood's ability to clot. Abnormal PT values indicate a higher bleeding risk and guide interventions like vitamin K or blood products. Blood glucose (
A), serum creatinine (
B), and electrolytes (
D) do not directly reflect the liver's synthetic function or clotting status in cirrhosis, making them less relevant for monitoring bleeding risk.