Nutrition ATI Proctored Exam - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds.
Therefore, the number of double bonds is the chemical feature that distinguishes a saturated fatty acid from an unsaturated fatty acid.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the distinguishing factor between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids lies in the presence or absence of double bonds, not in the arrangement of carbon atoms, number of oxygen molecules, or food source.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Lipids are carried in the bloodstream in the form of lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are complexes of proteins and lipids that transport fats to various parts of the body. While micelles, glycolipids, and lecithin are all related to lipid metabolism, they are not the primary carriers of lipids in the bloodstream. Micelles are small lipid clusters in the intestines, glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached, and lecithin is a type of phospholipid.
Therefore, lipoproteins are the correct answer as they are specifically designed for transporting lipids through the bloodstream.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. These three elements combine to form the basic structure of carbohydrates. Oxygen is an essential element in carbohydrates, contributing to their chemical composition.
Choice B (nitrogen) is incorrect as nitrogen is not a typical component of carbohydrates.
Choice C (water) is incorrect as water is not an element but a compound composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
Choice D (glucose) is incorrect as glucose is a specific type of sugar, not an element found in the composition of carbohydrates.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Breast. Lactose is synthesized in the breast during lactation to produce breastmilk. The liver is responsible for various metabolic functions but does not synthesize lactose. The kidney's primary role is in filtering blood and regulating electrolytes, not lactose synthesis. The pancreas is involved in producing digestive enzymes and insulin, not lactose synthesis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fructose is known to be the sweetest among naturally occurring sugars. While glucose, sucrose, and galactose also have sweet tastes, fructose is commonly perceived as the sweetest due to its higher level of sweetness. Glucose is a simple sugar found in many carbohydrates; sucrose is table sugar composed of glucose and fructose; galactose is a component of lactose found in dairy products. However, when comparing the sweetness levels of these sugars, fructose stands out as the sweetest.