Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Metabolism is the correct answer as it refers to the sum of all chemical processes that occur within living cells to maintain life and health. Physiology (
Choice
A) is the study of how living organisms function but does not specifically refer to cellular chemical processes. Digestion (
Choice
B) is the process of breaking down food in the body, not the overall cellular processes. Nutrition (
Choice
D) is the process of obtaining and consuming food necessary for health and growth, but it does not encompass all cellular processes related to sustaining life and health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fructose is a sugar naturally found in honey and fruit. While bread contains carbohydrates, it does not primarily consist of fructose. Gelatin desserts are more likely to contain added sugars like sucrose rather than fructose. Sugar-coated cereals typically contain sucrose or other added sugars, not just fructose.
Therefore, the correct answer is honey and fruit as they naturally contain fructose.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: prebiotic. Fiber acts as a prebiotic by providing a food source for beneficial bacteria in the colon, promoting their growth and activity. This helps maintain a healthy balance of microflora in the gut.
Choice B, probiotic, is incorrect as fiber itself does not contain live beneficial bacteria but rather supports their growth.
Choice C, functional food, is too broad and doesn't specifically address fiber's role in promoting beneficial bacteria.
Choice D, protective agent, is vague and does not directly relate to fiber's specific function in colon microflora.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Lipids are carried in the bloodstream in the form of lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are complexes of proteins and lipids that transport fats to various parts of the body. While micelles, glycolipids, and lecithin are all related to lipid metabolism, they are not the primary carriers of lipids in the bloodstream. Micelles are small lipid clusters in the intestines, glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached, and lecithin is a type of phospholipid.
Therefore, lipoproteins are the correct answer as they are specifically designed for transporting lipids through the bloodstream.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Active transport is the mechanism essential for the absorption of monosaccharides in the intestine. This process requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, allowing for the absorption of monosaccharides efficiently. Phosphorylation, the process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule, is not directly involved in the absorption of monosaccharides. Passive diffusion, a process that does not require energy, is not the primary mechanism for absorbing monosaccharides due to their large size. Facilitated diffusion, a type of passive transport that involves carrier proteins, is not the primary mechanism for monosaccharide absorption, as monosaccharides require active transport for efficient absorption.