ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Practice Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client has a new prescription for isoniazid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to avoid drinking alcohol. Isoniazid can cause liver damage, and alcohol consumption can increase this risk.
Therefore, it is crucial to avoid alcohol while taking isoniazid to prevent potential liver complications.
Choice A is incorrect because isoniazid is typically taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal upset.
Choice C is incorrect because antacids can decrease the absorption of isoniazid.
Choice D is incorrect as there is no specific recommendation to increase leafy green vegetable intake when taking isoniazid.
Question 2 of 5
A client has a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting metformin is to increase fluid intake. Metformin commonly causes gastrointestinal discomfort, and increasing fluid intake can help alleviate this side effect. Instructing the client to take the medication with food (
Choice
A) rather than on an empty stomach is recommended to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Monitoring for signs of hyperglycemia (
Choice
B) is not directly related to metformin but rather to low blood sugar. Expecting a sweet taste in the mouth (
Choice
D) is not a common side effect of metformin.
Question 3 of 5
A client has a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake is an important teaching point for clients starting metformin to prevent gastrointestinal discomfort, a common side effect of this medication. Metformin can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, bloating, and diarrhea, which can be reduced by staying well-hydrated.
Therefore, advising the client to increase their fluid intake will help minimize these side effects and improve medication tolerance. The other options are incorrect: Option A is a general instruction for taking medications but not specifically related to metformin. Option B is incorrect because metformin typically does not cause hypoglycemia but rather hyperglycemia. Option D is also incorrect as a metallic taste in the mouth is not a common side effect of metformin.
Question 4 of 5
When teaching a client about the adverse effects of simvastatin, which of the following findings should be included as an adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle pain should be included as an adverse effect when teaching a client about simvastatin. It can be a sign of rhabdomyolysis, a severe side effect associated with statins like simvastatin that involves muscle breakdown. Monitoring for muscle pain is crucial to prevent serious complications and ensure timely intervention. Tinnitus, diarrhea, and facial flushing are not typically associated with simvastatin use and are less common adverse effects compared to muscle pain.
Question 5 of 5
During an assessment, a client taking valproic acid exhibits elevated liver enzymes. What finding should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated liver enzymes are a critical finding that the nurse should report to the provider when assessing a client taking valproic acid. It can be indicative of hepatotoxicity, a severe side effect associated with valproic acid use. Timely reporting and intervention are essential to prevent further complications and ensure the client's safety and well-being.
Choices B, C, and D are not directly related to valproic acid use or the manifestation of hepatotoxicity. Weight loss, dry mouth, and increased appetite are not typically associated with elevated liver enzymes in the context of valproic acid administration.