ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Practice Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
When teaching a client about the adverse effects of simvastatin, which of the following findings should be included as an adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle pain should be included as an adverse effect when teaching a client about simvastatin. It can be a sign of rhabdomyolysis, a severe side effect associated with statins like simvastatin that involves muscle breakdown. Monitoring for muscle pain is crucial to prevent serious complications and ensure timely intervention. Tinnitus, diarrhea, and facial flushing are not typically associated with simvastatin use and are less common adverse effects compared to muscle pain.
Question 2 of 5
When educating a client about the use of risedronate to treat osteoporosis, which instruction should be included?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client taking risedronate to treat osteoporosis is to remain upright for 30 minutes after taking the medication. This is important to prevent esophageal irritation, as risedronate can cause irritation if it remains in contact with the esophagus. By staying upright, the medication is more likely to reach the stomach quickly and reduce the risk of irritation to the esophagus.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Drinking a full glass of water is recommended, not milk, to help with swallowing the medication. Risedronate should be taken on an empty stomach, not with meals, to ensure proper absorption. Additionally, avoiding lying down for at least 1 hour after taking the medication helps prevent esophageal irritation.
Question 3 of 5
When preparing to administer medication to a client, what action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Verifying the client's identity is the initial and most critical step in medication administration. It is crucial to confirm that the right medication is being given to the correct patient. Checking the client's identity helps prevent medication errors and ensures patient safety. Checking the medication expiration date (choice
B) is important but should come after verifying the client's identity. Reviewing the client's medical history (choice
C) is valuable but not the first step in medication administration. Obtaining the client's vital signs (choice
D) is essential in some situations but is usually not the first action needed before administering medication.
Question 4 of 5
A client has a new prescription for allopurinol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake is essential when taking allopurinol to prevent the formation of kidney stones. Allopurinol can increase the levels of uric acid in the body, which can lead to kidney stone formation. By increasing fluid intake, the client can help flush out excess uric acid and prevent the development of kidney stones. It is important to drink plenty of water throughout the day to maintain adequate hydration and reduce the risk of kidney stone formation.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Taking allopurinol with food or in the morning does not specifically relate to preventing kidney stone formation. Avoiding dairy products is not a standard recommendation when taking allopurinol.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting metformin is to increase fluid intake. Metformin commonly causes gastrointestinal discomfort, and increasing fluid intake can help alleviate this side effect. Instructing the client to take the medication with food (
Choice
A) rather than on an empty stomach is recommended to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Monitoring for signs of hyperglycemia (
Choice
B) is not directly related to metformin but rather to low blood sugar. Expecting a sweet taste in the mouth (
Choice
D) is not a common side effect of metformin.