ATI LPN
Pediatric Cardiac Nclex Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
An infant with birth weight 2,500 mg without regard to gestation is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 2,500 mg 2.5 g is low birth weight B, per document p15, 1. Note: Likely meant 2,500 g.
Question 2 of 5
A newborn appears with ambiguous genitalia and a 46,XX karyotype. Maternal history reveals virilization during pregnancy. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CAH fits XX karyotype and maternal virilization, per AAP (doc p148, Q561).
Question 3 of 5
A 15-year-old boy recently immigrated into America. He has an outgoing 'cocktail party' personality but also seems nervous. He appears with an elongated face, full cheeks, and thicker lips but a decrease in both the periorbital fullness. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Williams syndrome fits the 'cocktail party' personality, facial features, and anxiety (NIH). A, C-E don’t match this profile.
Question 4 of 5
Which histological feature found on biopsy during colonoscopy would favour a diagnosis of Crohn disease over ulcerative colitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases. Granulomata (
Choice
B) are non-caseating granulomas, specific to Crohn’s, reflecting transmural inflammation, unlike ulcerative colitis’s mucosal involvement. Crypt abscesses (
Choice
A) occur in both, less specific. Lymphocytic infiltrate (
Choice
C) is nonspecific. Paneth cells (
Choice
D) are normal or metaplastic, not diagnostic. Granulomata distinguish Crohn’s.
Question 5 of 5
Most common cause of massive hemoptysis in patients with cystic fibrosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchial artery bleeding causes massive hemoptysis in cystic fibrosis, per CFF, due to eroded vessels. A, C-E are less likely.