ATI LPN
Pediatric Cardiac Nclex Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which histological feature found on biopsy during colonoscopy would favour a diagnosis of Crohn disease over ulcerative colitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases. Granulomata (
Choice
B) are non-caseating granulomas, specific to Crohn’s, reflecting transmural inflammation, unlike ulcerative colitis’s mucosal involvement. Crypt abscesses (
Choice
A) occur in both, less specific. Lymphocytic infiltrate (
Choice
C) is nonspecific. Paneth cells (
Choice
D) are normal or metaplastic, not diagnostic. Granulomata distinguish Crohn’s.
Question 2 of 5
A 4-year-old girl presents with hematuria and flank pain. Ultrasound shows a staghorn calculus. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urolithiasis causes hematuria and staghorn calculi, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
Question 3 of 5
A 3-month-old infant presents with cyanosis and a murmur. Echocardiogram shows pulmonary atresia. The next step is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prostaglandin E1 maintains ductal patency in pulmonary atresia, per AHA, as a bridge to surgery. A, C-E are secondary.
Question 4 of 5
The most common cause of seizures in children is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fever B is the leading cause febrile seizures, per document p29, 0.
Question 5 of 5
A newborn appears with ambiguous genitalia and a 46,XX karyotype. Maternal history reveals virilization during pregnancy. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CAH fits XX karyotype and maternal virilization, per AAP (doc p148, Q561).