ATI LPN
LPN Nursing Fundamentals Questions
Question 1 of 5
The most common psychogenic disorder among elderly persons is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Depression is the most prevalent psychogenic issue in older adults.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a tracheostomy tube who is receiving mechanical ventilation. The nurse is monitoring for complications related to the tracheostomy and suspects tracheoesophageal fistula when which occurs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), a rare tracheostomy complication, involves an abnormal connection between trachea and esophagus. Aspiration of gastric contents during suctioning (
B) is a definitive sign, indicating esophageal leakage into the airway. Frequent suctioning (
A) or excessive secretions (
D) are nonspecific. Pink skin (
C) reflects good oxygenation, not TEF. B is correct.
Rationale: TEF allows gastric contents to enter the trachea, detected during suctioning, requiring urgent intervention like tube adjustment or surgery, distinct from routine secretion issues, per critical care nursing.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following behaviors by Nurse Jane Robles demonstrates that she understands well the elements of effecting charting?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Effective charting requires accuracy, clarity, and accountability, adhering to legal and professional standards. Signing the medication sheet after administering medication, as Nurse Jane does, exemplifies this by confirming the intervention occurred, ensuring patient safety, and providing a verifiable record. This practice aligns with the 'Five Rights' of medication administration and reduces error risks, such as double-dosing. Conversely, signing as 'J.R.' lacks full identification (name and title), compromising accountability. Using a pencil risks erasure or alteration, undermining record integrity, as permanent ink is standard. Noting 'appetite is good' is subjective and lacks detail (e.g., meal percentage consumed), reducing its clinical value. Nurse Jane's action of signing post-medication administration reflects a strong grasp of charting's role in care continuity and safety, making it the best demonstration of effective documentation principles.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse chose to respect Mr. Gary's refusal of care. This is an example of?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respecting care refusal is ethics (
A) moral decision, per principles (autonomy). Promotion (
B) prevents, coordination (
C) organizes, informatics (
D) tech not ethics-specific. A fits moral choice, making it correct.
Question 5 of 5
A client has a new diagnosis of hyperlipidemia and is receiving teaching from a nurse about dietary management. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement the nurse should include in teaching the client with hyperlipidemia is to avoid foods that are high in cholesterol. Foods high in cholesterol, like those high in saturated and trans fats, can contribute to elevated lipid levels and increase cardiovascular risk. Decreasing intake of these foods can help improve lipid profiles and reduce the risk of complications.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because increasing intake of trans fats, decreasing fiber-rich foods, and increasing intake of high-fat foods can exacerbate hyperlipidemia and worsen the lipid profile.