ATI LPN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client is undergoing chemotherapy and is at risk for developing thrombocytopenia. What precaution should the nurse teach the client to minimize the risk of bleeding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush. Chemotherapy can cause low platelet levels, increasing the risk of bleeding. Using a soft-bristled toothbrush can help prevent gum bleeding and trauma to the gums, reducing the risk of bleeding. Engaging in daily aerobic exercise (
B) can increase the risk of injury and bleeding for a client with thrombocytopenia. Taking aspirin (
C) can further decrease platelet function and increase bleeding risk. Using an electric razor (
D) is recommended to prevent skin cuts and bleeding due to the fragile skin associated with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia.
Question 2 of 5
A 60-year-old male client is admitted to the hospital with the complaint of right knee pain for the past week. His right knee and calf are warm and edematous. He has a history of diabetes and arthritis. Which neurological assessment action should the nurse perform for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess pulses, paresthesia, and paralysis distal to the right knee. This is the appropriate action because the client presents with warm, edematous right knee and calf, indicating a potential vascular issue like deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assessing pulses, paresthesia, and paralysis distal to the right knee helps evaluate circulation and nerve function, crucial in identifying complications of DVT. Glasgow Coma Scale (
A) is used to assess consciousness, not relevant in this case. Assessing proximal pulses, paresthesia, and paralysis (
C) may not provide accurate information about circulation distal to the knee. Evaluating the optic nerve (
D) using an ophthalmoscope is unrelated to the client's presenting symptoms and medical history.
Question 3 of 5
The client has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L. Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening condition in AKI. High potassium levels can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and must be addressed immediately.
Choice A is concerning but not as critical as hyperkalemia.
Choice C, elevated blood pressure, needs monitoring but does not require immediate intervention.
Choice D, elevated serum creatinine, indicates kidney dysfunction but does not pose an immediate threat compared to hyperkalemia.
Question 4 of 5
Following a CVA, the nurse assesses that a client developed dysphagia, hypoactive bowel sounds, and a firm, distended abdomen. Which prescription for the client should the nurse question?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Continuous tube feeding at 65 ml/hr via gastrostomy. Dysphagia, hypoactive bowel sounds, and a distended abdomen indicate a potential risk for aspiration or impaired gastrointestinal motility. Continuous tube feeding may worsen these conditions. The nurse should question this prescription to prevent further complications.
Choices B, C, and D are not immediate concerns for dysphagia and bowel issues.
Total parenteral nutrition, nasogastric tube connected to suction, and metoclopramide can be appropriate interventions for nutritional support and bowel motility in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A recently widowed middle-aged female client presents to the psychiatric clinic for evaluation and tells the nurse that she has 'little reason to live.' She describes one previous suicidal gesture and admits to having a gun in her home. To maintain the client's confidentiality and to help ensure her safety, which action is best for the nurse to implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Contact a person of the client's choosing to remove the weapon from the home. This option respects the client's autonomy and confidentiality while ensuring her safety.
1. Encouraging the client to remove the gun (Option
A) may not guarantee immediate action and could potentially escalate the situation.
2. Notifying the client's healthcare provider (Option
B) could breach confidentiality and may not result in immediate intervention.
3. Calling the police (Option
D) could lead to a loss of trust and may not be necessary if the situation can be handled discreetly by someone the client trusts.
Therefore, option C is the best course of action as it respects the client's autonomy, maintains confidentiality, and ensures prompt removal of the weapon to enhance the client's safety.