ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Case finding in RNTCP is based on :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) prioritizes accessible, rapid TB detection. Sputum culture (choice
A) is highly specific but slow (weeks), making it impractical for initial case finding. Sputum microscopy (choice
B) uses Ziehl-Neelsen staining to detect acid-fast bacilli, offering a quick, cost-effective method suitable for widespread screening, aligning with RNTCP's strategy. X-ray chest (choice
C) detects lung abnormalities but isn't specific to TB and is less feasible in resource-limited settings. Mantoux test/PCR (choice
D) identifies exposure or confirms TB molecularly, but these are supplementary, not primary, due to cost and complexity. B is correct because sputum microscopy is RNTCP's cornerstone for active case finding, enabling early treatment. Nurses play a key role in sputum collection and patient education, ensuring compliance and reducing TB transmission in communities.
Question 2 of 5
Expulsion of cervical mucus with blood is known as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In labor, cervical changes signal progression. Lochia (choice
A) is postpartum uterine discharge, lasting weeks. Show (choice
B) is the bloody mucus plug expelled as the cervix dilates, an early labor sign. Hemorrhage (choice
C) implies severe bleeding, not normal mucus. Discharge (choice
D) is vague, lacking specificity. B is correct, per obstetric terminology. Nurses assess show to time labor, differentiate it from PPH, and prepare for delivery, ensuring maternal readiness.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a manifestation of pyloric stenosis:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis narrows the stomach outlet, obstructing flow. Regurgitation (choice
A) is passive, unlike the forceful projectile vomiting (choice
B) seen as gastric pressure builds, a hallmark in infants. Tenesmus (choice
C) is rectal straining, unrelated. Steatorrhea (choice
D) is fatty stools, not gastric. B is correct, per clinical presentation. Nurses assess vomiting, palpate the 'olive' mass, and prepare for surgery, ensuring hydration.
Question 4 of 5
The client place on NPO for preparation of the blood test. Adreno-cortical response is activated and which of the following below is an expected response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The adreno-cortical response, triggered by stress (NPO for a test), releases cortisol and aldosterone. Decreased urine output (
B) occurs as aldosterone retains sodium and water, raising blood volume to counter stress. Low BP (
A) contradicts this; pressure rises. Warm, flushed, dry skin (
C) aligns with sympathetic, not adreno-cortical effects. Low sodium (
D) opposes aldosterone's action. Reduced urine output reflects the body's fluid conservation under stress, matching adreno-cortical physiology and making B correct.
Question 5 of 5
Remedios felt 'EMPTY' She felt that she has already lost God's favor and love because of her sins. This is a type of what spiritual crisis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Remedios' 'empty' feeling and belief she's lost God's favor due to sins indicate spiritual despair (
C), a hopelessness in divine connection. Spiritual anger (
A) involves rage at God, not emptiness. Loss (
B) isn't a crisis type; despair fits better. Anxiety (
D) is fear, not resignation. Despair, per spiritual care models, reflects her perceived irredeemable state, making C correct.