ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When evaluating a client's use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI), the nurse notes that the client is unable to coordinate the activation of the inhaler with her breathing. What intervention is most appropriate at this time?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate intervention at this time is to obtain an order for a spacer device (
Choice
A). A spacer device helps improve the delivery of medication from the MDI into the lungs by ensuring that the client receives the proper dose even if the coordination of inhaling and activating the MDI is challenging. This intervention is crucial as it increases the effectiveness of the medication and reduces the risk of incorrect dosing.
Notifying the prescriber (
Choice
B) may delay the provision of immediate assistance to the client and does not directly address the coordination issue. Asking if the medication can be given orally (
Choice
C) is not a suitable intervention as it may not provide the same therapeutic effects as using the MDI correctly. Obtaining a peak flow meter order (
Choice
D) is not directly addressing the client's inability to coordinate the MDI use with breathing.
In summary, obtaining a spacer device is the most appropriate intervention as it directly addresses the client's coordination issue and ensures optimal delivery of the
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is administering intravenous vancomycin to a client who has had gastrointestinal surgery. Which nursing measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers are B, C, D, and E. Administering vancomycin over at least 60 minutes helps prevent adverse effects like red man syndrome. Reporting a trough drug level of 24 mcg/mL is crucial as it indicates potential toxicity, requiring the drug to be held. Monitoring serum creatinine levels is necessary to assess kidney function, as vancomycin can be nephrotoxic. Instructing the client to report dizziness or a feeling of fullness in the ears is important to monitor for potential ototoxicity. Restricting fluids is incorrect as adequate hydration is essential to prevent kidney damage.
Question 3 of 5
A client has been taking lithium for 1 year, and the most recent lithium level is 0.9 rnEq/L. Which statement about the laboratory result is correct?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The lithium level is therapeutic. A therapeutic lithium level typically ranges between 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L. In this case, the client's level of 0.9 mEq/L falls within this therapeutic range, indicating that the dose of lithium is appropriate for this individual. Monitoring lithium levels is essential to ensure the medication's effectiveness and prevent toxicity.
Choices A and B are incorrect because the level is within the therapeutic range.
Choice D is incorrect as lithium levels are routinely monitored due to its narrow therapeutic index.
Question 4 of 5
A client who has had abdominal surgery has been discharged on a cholinergic drug to assist in increasing gastrointestinal peristalsis. The nurse will teach this client to look for which therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Passage of flatus. Cholinergic drugs stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, promoting gastrointestinal motility. This leads to increased peristalsis and ultimately helps in the passage of flatus, relieving abdominal distention post-surgery.
Choices A and B are incorrect as cholinergic drugs do not typically affect pulse or urinary function.
Choice C, abdominal cramping, is a potential side effect of cholinergic drugs due to increased GI motility, but it is not the therapeutic effect being sought.
Therefore, the correct therapeutic effect to look for in a client on a cholinergic drug after abdominal surgery is the passage of flatus.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has seizures and a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because alcohol can increase the risk of phenytoin toxicity by altering the metabolism of the medication in the liver. Providing this information is crucial to prevent adverse effects and ensure the safe and effective use of phenytoin.
Choice B is incorrect because antacids can interfere with the absorption of phenytoin, leading to reduced effectiveness of the medication.
Choice C is incorrect as flossing is important for oral hygiene and should not be avoided unless specifically advised by a dentist for individual reasons unrelated to phenytoin.
Choice D is incorrect as phenytoin does not turn urine blue, so this information is not relevant to the client's medication regimen.