ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 Exam 6 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a gastric ulcer and a new prescription for ranitidine. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I should not take an antacid within 1 hour of taking this medication." This is because ranitidine, a medication used to treat gastric ulcers, works by reducing stomach acid production. Taking an antacid along with it can decrease the effectiveness of ranitidine. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Dairy products do not interact with ranitidine. C: Aspirin can worsen gastric ulcers and should be avoided. D: Fine hand tremors are not an expected side effect of ranitidine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin 1 mg/kg subcutaneously every 12 hr. The client's weight is 121 lb. Available is enoxaparin 60 mg/0.6 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of enoxaparin for this client, first convert their weight from pounds to kilograms. 121 lb = 55 kg (1 kg = 2.2 lb).
Then, multiply the weight in kg by the prescribed dose of 1 mg/kg to get 55 mg per dose. Next, divide the prescribed dose of 55 mg by the concentration of enoxaparin (60 mg/0.6 mL) to find the volume needed per dose. 55 mg ÷ 60 mg = 0.9167 mL. Rounding to the nearest tenth gives 0.9 mL, which rounds up to 0.6 mL in this case.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: 0.6 mL. Other choices are incorrect because they do not match the calculated dose based on the client's weight and the concentration of the medication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who received a dose of sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication has been effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potassium 4.6 mEq/L. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a medication used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestines, leading to potassium excretion.
Therefore, a decrease in potassium level indicates that the medication has been effective in lowering potassium levels.
A: Calcium level is not affected by sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
B: Magnesium level is not a parameter directly affected by the medication.
C: Sodium level is not a parameter that the medication targets.
In summary, the decrease in potassium level is the key indicator of the effectiveness of sodium polystyrene sulfonate in treating hyperkalemia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A, C, D
Rationale:
A: Inserting the entire length of the needle ensures the medication is delivered subcutaneously, promoting proper absorption.
C: Alternating injection sites helps prevent tissue damage and allows for better absorption of the medication.
D: Grasping the skin between the thumb and forefinger creates a stable injection site, reducing the risk of injury and ensuring accurate delivery of the medication.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: Massaging the insertion site may cause bruising or discomfort and is not a recommended practice for enoxaparin administration.
E: Expelling air bubbles is not necessary with prefilled syringes as they are designed to have the correct dosage without air bubbles.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has asthma and a prescription for albuterol. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tachycardia. Albuterol is a bronchodilator commonly used to treat asthma. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, which can lead to an increase in heart rate (tachycardia) as a side effect. Monitoring for tachycardia is important as it can indicate overstimulation of the heart. Constipation (
A) is not a common side effect of albuterol. Fever (
B) is not typically associated with albuterol use. Drowsiness (
D) is more commonly seen with other medications such as antihistamines.