ATI RN
ATI NUR 229 Pharmacology Test 1 OEK Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed diphenhydramine to relieve pruritus. The client asks the nurse how he can minimize the daytime sedation he is experiencing. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Taking diphenhydramine at bedtime minimizes daytime sedation, as its sedative effects occur during sleep. Other options do not effectively reduce daytime drowsiness.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a child who is prescribed diphenhydramine 25 mg elixir every 4 hr as needed. The amount available is diphenhydramine elixir 12.5 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 25 mg / (12.5 mg/5 mL) = 25 * 5 / 12.5 = 10 mL. The nurse should administer 10 mL per dose.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to use to abort an acute asthma attack?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol, a short-acting beta-2 agonist, rapidly relieves bronchospasm, making it the go-to medication for acute asthma attacks. Others are for long-term control.
Question 4 of 5
Loratadine (Claritin) has an advantage over traditional antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) in that loratadine has
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Loratadine, a second-generation antihistamine, causes less sedation than diphenhydramine, a first-generation antihistamine, making it preferable for daytime use.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is in an urgent care center with an acute asthma attack. The nurse expects which medication will be used for initial treatment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol, a short-acting beta-2 agonist, rapidly relaxes airway muscles, making it the first-line treatment for acute asthma attacks. Long-acting beta agonists, corticosteroids, and anticholinergics are not used for immediate relief.