ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Exam Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing Cushing's Triad following a subdural hematoma. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mannitol. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that helps reduce intracranial pressure by drawing fluid out of the brain tissues. In Cushing's Triad, there is an increased intracranial pressure due to the subdural hematoma, leading to bradycardia, irregular respirations, and hypertension. Mannitol helps decrease intracranial pressure, improving cerebral perfusion and alleviating the symptoms of Cushing's Triad. Hydroxyethyl glucose, Albumin, and Dextran 70 are not indicated in this situation as they do not specifically target reducing intracranial pressure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has seizures and a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Alcohol increases the chance of phenytoin toxicity. Alcohol can interfere with the metabolism of phenytoin, leading to an increased risk of toxicity. This is important information for the client to understand to prevent potential harmful effects.
Explanation for incorrect choices:
A: Taking an antacid with phenytoin can reduce its absorption, so it should not be taken together.
B: Flossing teeth is important for oral hygiene and should not be avoided due to phenytoin use.
D: Phenytoin does not turn urine blue; this statement is inaccurate.
Overall, choice C is the most relevant and crucial information for the client's safety.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take the medication early in the day. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can increase urination frequency. Taking it early in the day can prevent nocturia and sleep disturbances. Option A is incorrect because muscle pain is not a common adverse effect of hydrochlorothiazide. Option C is incorrect because weight should be monitored daily, not weekly, to assess fluid balance. Option D is incorrect because hydrochlorothiazide can be taken with or without food, so it does not need to be taken on an empty stomach.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who states he takes ginkgo biloba every day to improve his memory. The nurse should identify a potential interaction with which of the following medications the client is taking?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Warfarin. Ginkgo biloba can interact with warfarin, an anticoagulant, by increasing the risk of bleeding due to its antiplatelet effects. Ginkgo biloba can also interfere with the metabolism of warfarin, leading to changes in its effectiveness. The other choices (A, B, and
D) do not have known interactions with ginkgo biloba. Levothyroxine, famotidine, and loratadine are not typically associated with significant interactions with ginkgo biloba.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client Who has a new prescription for dimenhydrinate. Which Of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitor for dizziness. Dimenhydrinate is an antihistamine commonly used to treat motion sickness. Dizziness is a common side effect of this medication due to its sedative properties. Monitoring for dizziness is crucial to ensure the client's safety and to assess the effectiveness of the medication.
Choice A is incorrect as diarrhea is not a common side effect of dimenhydrinate.
Choice B is incorrect as dimenhydrinate is usually taken 30 minutes before travel, not 24 hours before.
Choice D is incorrect as dimenhydrinate typically causes dry mouth, not an increase in salivation.