ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has right sided acoustic neuroma resulting in impairment of cranial nerves IX and X. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Place suction equipment at the client's bedside. This is important due to the impairment of cranial nerves IX (glossopharyngeal) and X (vagus), which can lead to difficulty swallowing and potential aspiration. Having suction equipment readily available can help manage any secretions or saliva that may accumulate, reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonia.
Choice B is incorrect because warm water can be used to wash the client's face as it does not directly relate to the client's condition.
Choice C is incorrect as range of motion exercises for the neck and shoulders may not be appropriate or safe considering the cranial nerve impairment.
Choice D is incorrect as applying an eye patch to the right eye does not address the issues related to the cranial nerve impairment.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis and is to start medication therapy with isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Provide a sputum specimen every 2 weeks to the clinic for testing. This is crucial for monitoring the effectiveness of the tuberculosis treatment regimen. Sputum testing helps determine if the medication is working and if the client is responding to treatment. Regular monitoring also helps in identifying any drug-resistant strains early on.
Choice A is incorrect as isoniazid should not be taken with an antacid as it can decrease the absorption of the medication.
Choice B is incorrect as pyrazinamide should be taken with a full glass of water but the specific amount is not specified.
Choice C is incorrect as sputum cultures may remain positive even after 6 months of therapy, and negative cultures do not always correlate with treatment success.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has urinary leakage due to nerve damage following a spinal cord injury. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following types of urinary incontinence?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reflex incontinence. This type of urinary incontinence is characterized by the involuntary loss of urine due to the lack of voluntary control over the bladder. In clients with spinal cord injuries, nerve damage can disrupt the normal reflex arc that controls bladder function, leading to reflex incontinence. The other choices are incorrect because:
A) Overflow incontinence is due to an overfull bladder;
B) Urge incontinence is caused by a sudden urge to urinate;
C) Stress incontinence occurs with increased intra-abdominal pressure; E, F, G) No additional choices given.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis and new prescriptions for rifampin and pyrazinamide. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse instruct the client will be required while on this medication regimen?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Liver function tests. Rifampin and pyrazinamide are known to cause hepatotoxicity, so monitoring liver function tests is crucial to detect any signs of liver damage. Elevated liver enzymes can indicate drug-induced liver injury. Blood glucose levels (
A) are not typically affected by these medications. Thyroid function studies (
B) and gallbladder studies (
C) are not directly related to rifampin and pyrazinamide therapy.
Therefore, the most important test to monitor while on this medication regimen is liver function tests to ensure the safety and effectiveness of treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching the partner of a client who had a stroke about dysphagia. Which of the following statements by the client's partner should indicate to the nurse that the teaching was effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "My partner should tilt their head forward when swallowing." This is the correct statement because tilting the head forward helps prevent aspiration during swallowing, reducing the risk of choking and aspiration pneumonia. Tilted head positions the airway above the level of the food bolus, aiding in safe swallowing.
Choice A is incorrect because placing food on the weaker side does not directly address dysphagia concerns.
Choice C is incorrect as coughing while swallowing is a sign of dysfunctional swallowing and should be avoided.
Choice D is incorrect as sitting at a 30° angle does not specifically address dysphagia management.