ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for lisinopril. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor when administering lisinopril?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used to treat heart failure. It works by dilating blood vessels, which can lead to a drop in blood pressure. The nurse should monitor for signs of hypotension, such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting. Tinnitus (choice
A) is not a common adverse effect of lisinopril. Hypokalemia (choice
C) is possible but less common than hypotension. Bradycardia (choice
D) is not a typical adverse effect of lisinopril. Monitoring for hypotension ensures the client's safety during lisinopril therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for amoxicillin. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Laryngeal edema. This indicates an allergic reaction because it is a severe symptom of anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction. Laryngeal edema can lead to airway obstruction and compromise breathing. Nausea (
B) and insomnia (
C) are not typical signs of an allergic reaction to amoxicillin. Cardiac dysrhythmia (
D) may indicate a severe reaction but is not specific to an allergic response.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Apply firm pressure to the injection site following administration. This is because enoxaparin is a subcutaneous injection, and applying firm pressure helps prevent bruising and bleeding. Expelling air bubbles (
A) is important for intravenous injections, not subcutaneous. Inserting the needle halfway (
C) may not deliver the medication effectively. Administering into muscles (
D) is incorrect for enoxaparin, as it should be given subcutaneously.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has breast cancer and reports pain 1 hr after administration of prescribed morphine 10 mg IV. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fentanyl transmucosal. Fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic that can be used for breakthrough pain in cancer patients. It has a rapid onset of action and can provide effective pain relief when standard opioids like morphine are not sufficient. In this case, since the client is experiencing pain 1 hour after receiving morphine, a faster-acting medication like fentanyl transmucosal would be appropriate.
The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Lidocaine patch is used for localized pain relief and not suitable for breakthrough pain in this scenario.
C: Morphine tablet is not ideal for managing breakthrough pain quickly as it has a slower onset of action compared to fentanyl.
D: Naloxone IV is a opioid antagonist used for opioid overdose reversal and not indicated for managing breakthrough pain.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse accidentally administers the medication metformin instead of metoprolol to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check the client's glucose level. Metformin is used to treat diabetes, so administering it instead of metoprolol can lead to hypoglycemia. Checking the client's glucose level is crucial to monitor for any potential adverse effects.
Choice A is incorrect because HDL levels are not relevant in this situation.
Choice B is incorrect as thyroid function levels are not affected by metformin.
Choice C is incorrect because uric acid levels are not a priority in this scenario. Checking the glucose level is the most appropriate action to ensure the client's safety.