ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and a new prescription for rifampin (Rifadin). The nurse should instruct the client that they should expect which of the following clinical manifestations while taking this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Orange-colored secretions. Rifampin is known to cause discoloration of bodily fluids, including urine, sweat, tears, and saliva, turning them orange. This is a harmless side effect that clients should be informed about to prevent unnecessary concern. Option A (Black-colored stools) is not associated with rifampin use. Option C (Staining of teeth) is a side effect of tetracyclines, not rifampin. Option D (Constipation) is not a common side effect of rifampin. Option E (Tetracyclines) is irrelevant to the question.
Therefore, the correct answer is B due to the characteristic orange discoloration caused by rifampin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is instructing a client who is newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) about the use of antitubercular medications. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A typical course of treatment involves 6 to 12 months of consistent medication use. This is because treating pulmonary TB requires a prolonged course of antibiotics to fully eradicate the bacteria. The rationale is that TB bacteria grow slowly, so a longer duration of treatment is needed to ensure all bacteria are killed.
Choice A is incorrect because TB treatment usually lasts for a specific duration, not lifelong.
Choice B is incorrect as family members are not routinely treated unless they have active TB.
Choice D is incorrect as treatment duration is not based on Mantoux test results.
Question 3 of 5
A client diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI) is prescribed sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim). Which of the following conditions below would be a contraindication for this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chronic kidney disease (CK
D). Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim is primarily eliminated by the kidneys, thus in patients with CKD, the impaired kidney function can lead to drug accumulation and potential toxicity. Multiple sclerosis (
A), megaloblastic anemia (
C), and Helicobacter Pylori (
D) are not contraindications for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim as they do not directly impact the drug's metabolism or excretion.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who recently traveled to a malaria-stricken country. The client is diagnosed with malaria and is prescribed chloroquine (Aralen). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse educate the client regarding this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Retinal toxicity. Chloroquine (Aralen) is known to cause retinal toxicity, which can lead to irreversible vision changes. This is a crucial adverse effect to educate the client about to prevent permanent damage. Nephrotoxicity (
B), hepatotoxicity (
C), and pancytopenia (
D) are not typically associated with chloroquine use. It is important for the nurse to focus on educating the client about the most relevant and potentially harmful adverse effect, which in this case is retinal toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with frequent infections with Strep throat. Which of the following principles contributes to further bacterial resistance to antibiotics? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E,F
Rationale: The correct choices contribute to bacterial resistance because:
B: Discontinuing antibiotics early can leave surviving bacteria stronger and resistant.
D: Skipping dosages allows bacteria to adapt and develop resistance.
E: Treating viral infections with antibiotics is ineffective and promotes resistance.
F: Frequent use can lead to resistance by exposing bacteria to antibiotics repeatedly.
Incorrect choices:
A: Sunlight exposure doesn't impact bacterial resistance.
C: Handwashing is important but doesn't directly influence resistance.
In summary, the correct choices promote resistance by allowing bacteria to survive, adapt, and develop resistance, while the incorrect choices are not directly related to bacterial resistance.