ATI LPN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus is being discharged home. Which statement indicates the client understands the instructions about managing blood glucose levels?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because eating a snack when blood glucose is 70 mg/dl helps prevent hypoglycemia. Testing blood glucose once a week (A) is not frequent enough for proper management. Taking extra insulin when shaky (C) can lead to hypoglycemia. Skipping meals (D) can cause unstable blood glucose levels.
Question 2 of 5
The client with a history of heart failure is taking furosemide (Lasix). Which laboratory result should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serum potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. Hypokalemia can exacerbate cardiac arrhythmias in patients with heart failure. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications. Incorrect choices: A: Serum sodium - Furosemide may cause hyponatremia, but it is less critical compared to hypokalemia in a client with heart failure. C: Serum calcium - Furosemide does not directly affect calcium levels significantly in most cases. D: Serum magnesium - While furosemide can cause hypomagnesemia, monitoring potassium is more essential in this scenario due to its impact on cardiac function.
Question 3 of 5
A client who underwent a total hip replacement is receiving discharge teaching from a nurse. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid crossing your legs at the knees. Crossing legs increases risk of dislocation post hip replacement. It maintains proper alignment and reduces strain on the hip joint. Sitting in low chairs (B) can strain the hip. Bending at the waist (C) can strain the hip joint. Sleeping on the affected side (D) can lead to discomfort and pressure on the hip joint.
Question 4 of 5
A client with hypothyroidism is started on levothyroxine (Synthroid). Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. Levothyroxine is a lifelong medication for hypothyroidism. 2. Stopping medication prematurely can lead to symptom relapse. 3. Symptoms improving doesn't indicate the underlying condition is resolved. 4. Regular monitoring and dose adjustments are crucial. 5. Choice D shows misunderstanding of treatment duration and necessity. Summary: A: Correct, taking in the morning maximizes absorption. B: Correct, monitoring is necessary for dose adjustments. C: Correct, weight loss can affect thyroid hormone levels. D: Incorrect, as stopping medication prematurely is not advised.
Question 5 of 5
A client with cirrhosis of the liver is being cared for by the healthcare team. Which clinical manifestation indicates that the client has developed hepatic encephalopathy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Asterixis. Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with liver dysfunction. Asterixis, also known as liver flap, is a key clinical manifestation characterized by a flapping tremor of the hands when extended. This occurs due to impaired ammonia metabolism in the liver leading to neurotoxicity. Jaundice (B) is a sign of liver dysfunction but not specific to hepatic encephalopathy. Ascites (C) is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, common in liver cirrhosis but not indicative of hepatic encephalopathy. Splenomegaly (D) is enlargement of the spleen, which can occur in cirrhosis but is not a direct sign of hepatic encephalopathy.