Freud postulated that child adopts parental standards and traits through

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory, from the early 1900s, posits children adopt parental standards via identification e.g., mimicking a father's demeanor. Imitation (copying), introjection (internalizing), and regression (reverting) differ. This process shapes superego development, influencing behaviors like empathy in nursing, where early role models affect caregiving styles.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct statement the nurse should include in teaching a client with pancreatitis is to decrease the intake of high-fat foods. This dietary modification is crucial in managing symptoms and preventing exacerbations of pancreatitis. High-fat foods can put a strain on the pancreas, potentially leading to further complications. Choice A is incorrect because increasing intake of high-fat foods can worsen pancreatitis. Choice C is unrelated to pancreatitis management, as lactose intolerance is not directly linked to pancreatitis. Choice D is also incorrect, as increasing dairy product intake may not be suitable for all individuals with pancreatitis due to the fat content in many dairy products.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: These symptoms indicate phlebitis, inflammation of the vein.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Stage II pressure ulcers involve partial-thickness skin loss, presenting as abrasions, blisters, or shallow craters, often with edema or infection if untreated. Stage I shows non-blanchable redness, Stage III extends to subcutaneous tissue, and Stage IV reaches muscle or bone. Nurses assess these signs to stage ulcers accurately, guiding interventions like pressure relief or wound care, preventing progression and promoting healing in at-risk patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct statement to include in teaching a client with hypertension is to limit alcohol intake to no more than one drink per day. Excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure and lead to complications. Increasing sodium intake, limiting physical activity, and avoiding dairy products are not recommended for managing hypertension. Clients with hypertension should follow a heart-healthy diet low in sodium, engage in regular physical activity, and monitor their blood pressure regularly to control hypertension effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Guided imagery diverts attention from pain by imagining a scene (A), per non-pharmacologic pain relief methods. Muscle contraction (B) is progressive relaxation, recalling pain (C) counterproductive, breathing with imagery (D) partial. A best captures its essence distraction via visualization validated by pain management studies, making it correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'You should increase your intake of foods high in iron.' This statement should be included in the teaching because increasing intake of foods high in iron is essential for managing anemia. Iron is a key component for producing hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. By increasing iron-rich foods like leafy greens, red meat, and fortified cereals, the client can help improve their hemoglobin levels and overall health. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Decreasing intake of foods high in calcium is not necessary for anemia management; avoiding foods that contain gluten is relevant for individuals with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease, not anemia; and increasing intake of high-fat foods is not recommended for managing anemia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'You should take your medication at the same time every day.' Taking medication consistently at the same time daily is crucial for maintaining steady blood levels and effectively managing hypertension. It helps ensure that the medication works optimally and provides the best control of blood pressure throughout the day. Choice A is incorrect because stopping medication once blood pressure is normal can lead to a relapse or worsening of hypertension. Choice C is incorrect as doubling the dose without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous. Choice D is incorrect as taking medication with a high-fat meal can affect its absorption and efficacy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In hyperthyroidism, it is advisable to avoid foods that contain iodine to help manage the condition and prevent complications. Excessive iodine intake can exacerbate hyperthyroidism symptoms by stimulating the thyroid gland. Therefore, the nurse should include information about avoiding iodine-rich foods in the client's dietary management teaching. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increasing intake of iodine-rich foods can worsen hyperthyroidism symptoms, increasing dairy products is not specific to managing hyperthyroidism, and avoiding gluten is more relevant for conditions like celiac disease, not hyperthyroidism.