ATI LPN
Cardiovascular System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are seeing a 61 yo African-American male for back pain, the follow lab is obtained: creatinine 1.9 mg/dl, Hb 8.8, uric acid 10.1mg/dl, Ca 11.8 mg/dl, anion gap is 5 and urine dip is negative for protein. What would be your next diagnostic test?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's presentation with elevated calcium levels and renal insufficiency suggests multiple myeloma as a potential diagnosis. Serum protein electrophoresis is essential in detecting monoclonal proteins, which are commonly found in multiple myeloma.
Question 2 of 5
After sitting in a chair for an hour, an elderly patient develops moderate lower extremity edema. His edema is most likely a consequence of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The backward effects of right-sided heart failure are due to congestion in the systemic venous system and lead to lower extremity edema. Arterial obstruction is not associated with dependent edema of the lower extremities. Left-sided heart failure is associated with pulmonary symptoms. Edema may be associated with peripheral vascular disease, but dependent edema over a 1-hour period is related to right-sided heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has a history of heart failure. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates they may be experiencing heart failure exacerbation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Weight gain of 6 lbs in a week (A) and orthopnea (B) are signs of heart failure exacerbation due to fluid retention and pulmonary congestion. Lack of swelling (C) does not indicate exacerbation.
Question 4 of 5
Propranolol(Inderal) is prescribed for a patient diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse should consult with the health care provider before giving this drug when the patient reveals a history of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nonselective β-blockers block β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors and can cause bronchospasm, especially in patients with a history of asthma. β-Blockers will have no effect on the patient's peptic ulcer disease or alcohol use. β-Blocker therapy is recommended after MI.
Question 5 of 5
Cardiac muscle tissue is characterized by all of these EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cardiac muscle cells are short, branched, and typically uninucleated, not long, multinucleated, or cylindrical like skeletal muscle.