ATI LPN
Nursing Fundamentals Exam for LPN Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are cleaning a client's partial dentures, which have a metal clasp. Which of the following actions are best on your part?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A washcloth in the sink prevents denture damage if dropped, best for safety. Pulling by the clasp, hot water, or overnight soaking risks harm. Nurses ensure this for equipment care.
Question 2 of 5
Which nursing intervention promotes mobility for a patient who has been on bed rest for an extended period?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assisting with passive range of motion exercises promotes mobility in a bedridden patient by maintaining joint flexibility and preventing stiffness, countering immobility's effects. Staying in bed or restricting movement worsens deconditioning, and restraints hinder progress. Nurses implement this to gradually restore function, supporting circulation and muscle health, a vital step toward active mobility in prolonged rest scenarios.
Question 3 of 5
A client with sleep apnea requires positive pressure ventilation during sleep. Which oxygen delivery system would be most appropriate for this client to ensure continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A CPAP mask (D) is most appropriate for sleep apnea, delivering constant pressure to keep airways open, improving oxygenation and sleep quality. Nasal cannula (A), Venturi (B), and non-rebreather (C) don't provide pressure support. CPAP is the gold standard, per sleep medicine, addressing apnea effectively.
Question 4 of 5
A client hospitalized with chronic dyspepsia is diagnosed with gastric cancer. Which of the following is associated with an increased incidence of gastric cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Luncheon meats, high in nitrates and preservatives, are linked to gastric cancer due to their conversion into carcinogenic nitrosamines in the stomach, a risk factor supported by dietary studies. Dairy, carbonated drinks, and refined sugars may contribute to other health issues but lack a strong direct association with gastric cancer. Processed meats' chemical content irritates gastric mucosa over time, increasing malignancy risk. Nurses use this knowledge for dietary counseling, helping clients reduce exposure to such risk factors, enhancing prevention strategies alongside treatment for existing conditions.
Question 5 of 5
An 8-year-old is admitted with drooling, muffled phonation, and a temperature of 102°F. The nurse should immediately notify the doctor because the child's symptoms are suggestive of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drooling, muffled voice, and fever in an 8-year-old suggest epiglottitis, a life-threatening airway emergency requiring immediate physician notification for intervention like intubation. Strep throat lacks drooling, laryngotracheobronchitis features a barky cough, and tonsillitis doesn't typically muffle speech. Nurses act swiftly, recognizing this triad as a red flag for rapid airway obstruction.