ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Disease Quiz Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
You are assisting a patient up from the bed to the bathroom. The patient has swelling in the feet and legs. The patient is receiving treatment for heart failure and is taking Hydralazine and Isordil. Which of the following is a nursing priority for this patient while assisting them to the bathroom?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assisting slowly (B) prevents orthostatic hypotension, a risk with vasodilators like Hydralazine and Isordil, especially with edema.
Question 2 of 5
During change-of-shift report, the nurse obtains the following information about a hypertensive patient who received the first dose of nadolol(Corgard) during the previous shift. Which information indicates that the patient needs immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most urgent concern for this patient is the wheezes, which indicate that bronchospasm(a common adverse effect of the noncardioselective b-blockers) is occurring. The nurse should immediately obtain an oxygen saturation measurement, apply supplemental oxygen, and notify the health care provider. The mild decrease in heart rate and complaint of cold fingers and toes are associated with b-receptor blockade but do not require any change in therapy. The BP reading may indicate that a change in medication type or dose may be indicated. However, this is not as urgently needed as addressing the bronchospasm.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with primary hypertension complains of dizziness with ambulation. The patient is currently on an alpha-adrenergic blocker and the nurse assesses characteristic signs and symptoms of postural hypotension. When teaching this patient about risks associated with postural hypotension, what should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients who experience postural hypotension should be taught to rise slowly from a lying or sitting position and use a cane or walker if necessary for safety. It is not necessary to teach these patients about increasing fluids or taking medication in the morning (this would increase the effects of dizziness). Patient should not be taught to stop the medication if dizziness persists because this is unsafe and beyond the nurse's scope of practice.
Question 4 of 5
A student nurse is taking care of an elderly patient with hypertension during a clinical experience. The instructor asks the student about the relationships between BP and age. What would be the best answer by the student?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Structural and functional changes in the heart and blood vessels contribute to increases in BP that occur with aging. Venous insufficiency does not cause hypertension, however. Increased BP is not primarily a result of neurologic changes.
Question 5 of 5
Regarding cardiac electrical properties:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The last parts of the myocardium to depolarise typically do not include the septum, which depolarises early.