Wrong about bone support lateral nasal wall:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Endothelium, lining blood vessels, is simple squamous epithelium (A), a single flat layer facilitating diffusion and minimizing friction. Simple cuboidal (B) lines tubules (e.g., kidney), not vessels. Stratified squamous (C) is protective (e.g., skin), too thick for endothelium. Transitional (D) stretches in the bladder, not relevant here. A is correct simple squamous' thinness suits endothelial gas and nutrient exchange, unlike the others' structures.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In mixed venous blood from the inferior vena cava (IVC) at sea level, PN₂ = 620 mmHg (choice C) is inconsistent. Typical mixed venous values are pO₂ ≈ 40 mmHg (choice A), pCO₂ ≈ 46-48 mmHg (choice B), and O₂ content ≈ 150 ml/L (choice D), all aligning with normal physiology (15 vol% for 75% saturation of 20 g/dL Hb). CO₂ content ≈ 540 ml/L (choice E) fits the higher venous CO₂ (≈ 52 vol%). However, PN₂ should approximate arterial levels (≈ 573 mmHg), as nitrogen is inert and equilibrates with atmospheric pressure (760 - 47 - 40 - 100 for arterial). A PN₂ of 620 mmHg exceeds expected values, suggesting an error, possibly from miscalculation or contamination. Normal venous PN₂ doesn't deviate significantly from 573 mmHg, making C the inconsistent value here.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B (alveolar ventilation = 7500 ml) is incorrect. Tidal volume (TV) = 500 ml (choice A) is true for a resting adult. Alveolar ventilation (V̇A) = (TV - dead space) × respiratory rate; with TV = 500 ml, dead space = 150 ml, rate = 12/min, V̇A = (500 - 150) × 12 = 4200 ml/min, not 7500 ml/min (likely total ventilation, 500 × 15). Choice C (pulmonary blood flow = 5000 ml/min) matches cardiac output at rest. ' FRC is the volume post-normal expiration (ERV + RV, ≈ 2300 ml). Choice E (physiologic dead space = 150 ml) aligns with anatomic dead space in health. B's overestimation misrepresents alveolar gas exchange volume, making it the exception.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: 1 g Hb binds 1.34-1.39 ml O₂ (Hüfner's constant), key to O₂ transport. Choice A is false; only 1-2% of O₂ is dissolved (≈0.3 ml/dL at PaO₂ 100 mmHg), 98% is Hb-bound (≈20 ml/dL). Choice C is wrong; anemia lowers O₂ content, not PaO₂ (dissolved O₂), which remains ≈100 mmHg unless lungs fail. Choice D is false; CO₂ is ≈20 times more soluble than O₂, not 200. Choice E is true; CO₂'s curve is steeper due to solubility, not as steep as O₂'s sigmoid shape (misstated). B reflects Hb's O₂-carrying capacity (e.g., 15 g/dL × 1.34 = 20.1 ml/dL), central to transport physiology, making it the accurate statement.