ATI LPN
Assessment of Hematologic System NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
World AIDS Day is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: World AIDS Day is celebrated on December 1st globally to raise awareness about HIV/AIDS. This date was chosen to honor those who have died from the illness and support those living with it. Option A, May 12th, Option C, July 4th, and Option D, April 1st, are incorrect as they do not correspond to the designated date for World AIDS Day.
Question 2 of 5
A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from riding a bicycle. Which of the following should be the first nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct first nursing action is to apply an ice pack and compression dressings to the knee. This is to reduce swelling and control bleeding in the affected area, which is crucial for a client with hemophilia. Initiating an IV site for cryoprecipitate or type and cross-matching for transfusion may be necessary later, but the priority is to manage the immediate swelling and bleeding. Monitoring vital signs can wait until the initial intervention of addressing the knee swelling is done. This choice helps stabilize the client's condition and prevent further complications.
Question 3 of 5
When caring for the child with leukemia who is at risk for bleeding, which of the following measures should be avoided?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Performing a rectal examination. This should be avoided in a child with leukemia at risk for bleeding because it can increase the risk of rectal trauma and bleeding. Stool softeners (choice A) are appropriate to prevent constipation and straining. Frequent position changes (choice B) help prevent pressure ulcers. Visits with friends and siblings (choice C) are important for the child's emotional well-being.
Question 4 of 5
A client with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is anxious and has decreased oxygen saturation. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The priority nursing diagnosis for a client with DIC experiencing decreased oxygen saturation is Impaired Gas Exchange (B). This is because impaired gas exchange directly affects oxygenation, which is crucial for tissue perfusion and overall patient well-being. Addressing gas exchange will help improve oxygen saturation levels and prevent further complications. Pain (A) is important but not the priority in this case. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion (C) is related but secondary to impaired gas exchange. Anxiety (D) is also important but addressing oxygenation takes precedence for immediate patient safety.
Question 5 of 5
A child diagnosed with a Wilms tumor is prescribed chemotherapy. Which laboratory test will the nurse monitor prior to administering the chemotherapy to determine the child’s infection-fighting capability?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Absolute neutrophil count (ANC). Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in fighting infections. Chemotherapy can suppress the bone marrow, leading to a decrease in neutrophil count, putting the child at risk for infections. Monitoring ANC before chemotherapy helps determine the child's infection-fighting capability. A: Hemoglobin - Measures oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells, not directly related to infection-fighting capability. B: Red-blood-cell count - Measures the number of red blood cells, not directly related to infection-fighting capability. D: Platelets - Important for blood clotting, not directly related to infection-fighting capability.