ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Within each kidney, the interlobar veins empty their blood into the renal vein
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Interlobar veins collect blood from arcuate veins and drain into the renal vein (A), a true venous pathway in kidney anatomy. False (B) would deny this standard flow, making A the correct statement.
Question 2 of 5
A patient's renal calculus is analyzed as being very high in uric acid. To prevent recurrence of stones, the nurse teaches the patient to avoid eating
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Uric acid stones form from high purine intake, found in organ meats and sardines (C), so avoiding these prevents recurrence. Dairy (A) affects calcium stones, legumes (B) are less relevant, and spinach (D) relates to oxalate stones, making C specific.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with renal calculi is hospitalized with gross hematuria and severe colicky left flank pain. Which nursing action will be of highest priority at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Severe colicky pain (B) in renal calculi demands immediate analgesia for relief, a priority over fluids (A), monitoring (C), or antiemetics (D), which address secondary issues. Pain management enhances patient comfort and stability, making B the top action.
Question 4 of 5
When caring for a patient after cystoscopy, what should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pink-tinged urine and urinary frequency are expected after cystoscopy. Burning on urination is common, but pain that requires opioids for relief is not expected. A good fluid intake is encouraged after this procedure. Bed rest is not required after cystoscopy.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is collecting data for a patient with kidney disease. Which adventitious lung sound is the nurse most likely to note from fluid overload?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crackles (B) indicate fluid overload in the lungs, common in kidney disease, heard as popping on inspiration. Wheezes (A) suggest airway narrowing, stridor (C) upper obstruction, and pleural rub (D) inflammation, making B the likely finding.